Synaptic plasticity and sensory-motor improvement following fibrin sealant dorsal root reimplantation and mononuclear cell therapy

Abstract

Root lesions may affect both dorsal and ventral roots. However, due to the possibility of generating further inflammation and neuropathic pain, surgical procedures do not prioritize the repair of the afferent component. The loss of such sensorial input directly disturbs the spinal circuits thus affecting the functionality of the injuried limb. The present study evaluated the motor and sensory improvement following dorsal root reimplantation with fibrin sealant (FS) plus bone marrow mononuclear cells (MC) after dorsal rhizotomy. MC were used to enhance the repair process. We also analyzed changes in the glial response and synaptic circuits within the spinal cord. Female Lewis rats (6–8 weeks old) were divided in three groups: rhizotomy (RZ group), rhizotomy repaired with FS (RZ+FS group) and rhizotomy repaired with FS and MC (RZ+FS+MC group). The behavioral tests electronic von-Frey and Walking track test were carried out. For immunohistochemistry we used markers to detect different synapse profiles as well as glial reaction. The behavioral results showed a significant decrease in sensory and motor function after lesion. The reimplantation decreased glial reaction and improved synaptic plasticity of afferent inputs. Cell therapy further enhanced the rewiring process. In addition, both reimplanted groups presented twice as much motor control compared to the non-treated group. In conclusion, the reimplantation with FS and MC is efficient and may be considered an approach to improve sensory-motor recovery following dorsal rhizotomy.

Translational Medicine in Tissue Regeneration

“…In addition, translational research generates an increase in the capacity for health research with an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach, forming, training and integrating a new generation of researchers [4]. This new biopharmaceutical has enormous potential application in Medicine and Dentistry [10], which presents greater purity, lesser toxicity and greater adhesiveness [11][12][13][14][15].…”

BjSP, a novel serine protease from Bothrops jararaca snake venom that degrades fibrinogen without forming fibrin clots

“…Considering the functional characteristics of SVSPs and targeting possible uses for these molecules, recent studies have been exploring different potential applications. Brazilian researchers, for example, discovered and developed a new heterologous fibrin biopolymer based on SVSPs (Abbade et al, 2015;Barbizan et al, 2013Barbizan et al, , 2014Barros et al, 2009Barros et al, , 2011Benitez et al, 2014;Biscola et al, 2017;Ferreira Junior, 2014;Ferreira Junior et al, 2017;Gasparotto et al, 2014;Gatti et al, 2011;Orsi et al, 2017). These enzymes have also been evaluated regarding their therapeutic potential as defibrinogenating and/or thrombolytic agents (Gardiner and Andrews, 2008).…”

Stimulation of morphofunctional repair of the facial nerve with photobiomodulation, using the end-to-side technique or a new heterologous fibrin sealant

“…The new heterologous fibrin sealant (NHFS) is extracted from snake venom (Crotalus durissus terrificus) and, because it does not contain human blood, it avoids the possible transmission of infectious diseases. It is a clinically useful tool due to its flexibility and variety of applications, demonstrating a good bond strength and biocompatibility, having an important role in cell and tissue regeneration process [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”