Symposium review: Progesterone effects on early embryo development in cattle

Lonergan, Patrick; Sánchez, José María

doi:10.3168/jds.2020-18583

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(106 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A more recent meta-analysis [59], evaluating about 18,000 cows per treatment group, reported that buserelin (>10 µg) or hCG (>2500 IU) increased P/AI in primiparous cows, particularly, if they had lower fertility (<45% P/AI). Although it is clear that P4 can alter many aspects of endometrial gene expression, uterine histotroph, and increased embryo elongation [64], none of these experiments provide definitive evidence for the mechanisms causing the differences between parities in the fertility effects of hCG. Further research is clearly needed to clarify whether the timing of the P4 increase or other factors can explain the relatively low effect of hCG on fertility and the unexpected parity influence on the hCG effect, or the inconclusive effects of other strategies for P4 supplementation post AI on P/AI in dairy cows.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Optimize Reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Herds with an Emphasis on Timed Artificial Insemination Programs

Consentini

Wiltbank

Sartori

2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reproductive efficiency is closely tied to the profitability of dairy herds, and therefore successful dairy operations seek to achieve high 21-day pregnancy rates in order to reduce the calving interval and days in milk of the herd. There are various factors that impact reproductive performance, including the specific reproductive management program, body condition score loss and nutritional management, genetics of the cows, and the cow comfort provided by the facilities and management programs. To achieve high 21-day pregnancy rates, the service rate and pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) should be increased. Currently, there are adjustments in timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocols and use of presynchronization programs that can increase P/AI, even to the point that fertility is higher with some TAI programs as compared with AI after standing estrus. Implementation of a systematic reproductive management program that utilizes efficient TAI programs with optimized management strategies can produce high reproductive indexes combined with healthy cows having high milk production termed “the high fertility cycle”. The scientific results that underlie these concepts are presented in this manuscript along with how these ideas can be practically implemented to improve reproductive efficiency on commercial dairy operations.

show abstract

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Optimize Reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Herds with an Emphasis on Timed Artificial Insemination Programs

Consentini

Wiltbank

Sartori

2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We observed 2 different progesterone patterns associated with pre-elongation-stage embryos: sphericalstage embryos were recovered from cows with low d-7 progesterone, and ovoid-stage conceptuses were recovered from cows with d-7 and d-15 progesterone concentrations that were similar to the elongation stages. It is well established that early progesterone concentrations indirectly influence conceptus length by exerting effects on the uterine endometrium, and artificially lowered progesterone concentrations are associated with shorter conceptuses (reviewed by Lonergan and Sánchez, 2020). Others have demonstrated that d-7 progesterone concentrations are also associated with embryonic length (Ledgard et al, 2012;Randi et al, 2016;Shorten et al, 2018).…”

Section: Pregnancy Success By D 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

The first week following insemination is the period of major pregnancy failure in pasture-grazed dairy cows

Berg

Ledgard

Donnison

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 60% pregnancy success for inseminations is targeted to optimize production efficiency for dairy cows within a seasonal, pasture-grazed system. Routine measures of pregnancy success are widely available but are limited, in practice, to a gestation stage beyond the first 28 d. Although some historical data exist on embryonic mortality before this stage, productivity of dairy systems and genetics of the cows have advanced significantly in recent decades. Accordingly, the aim was to construct an updated estimate of pregnancy success at key developmental stages during the first 70 d after insemination. Blood samples were collected for progesterone concentrations on d 0 and 7. A temporal series of 4 groups spanning fertilization through d 70 were conducted on 4 seasonal, pasture-grazed dairy farms (n = 1,467 cows) during the first 21 d of the seasonal breeding period. Morphological examination was undertaken on embryos collected on d 7 (group E7) and 15 (group E15), and pregnancy was diagnosed via ultrasonography on approximately d 28 and 35 (group E35) as well as d 70 (group E70). Fertilization, embryo, and fetal evaluation for viability established a pregnancy success pattern. Additionally, cow and on-farm risk factor variables associated with pregnancy success were evaluated. We estimated pregnancy success rates of 70.9%, 59.1%, 63.8%, 62.3%, and 56.7% at d 7, 15, 28, 35, and 70, respectively. Fertilization failure (15.8%) and embryonic arrest before the morula stage (10.3%) were the major developmental events contributing to first-week pregnancy failures. Embryo elongation failure of 7% contributed to pregnancy failure during the second week. The risk factors for pregnancy success that were related to the cows included interval between calving and insemination, and d-7 plasma progesterone concentrations, whereas insemination sire was associated with pregnancy outcome. Most pregnancy failure occurs during the first week among seasonal-calving pasture-grazed dairy cows.

show abstract

“…(1) La presentación de anormalidades del desarrollo embrionario pueden ser consecuencia de las bajas concentraciones séricas de progesterona que padecen las vacas lecheras en sistemas intensivos de producción, lo cual se debe a que el cuerpo lúteo produce menos progesterona y a que catabolizan más rápido las hormonas esteroides. (2)(3)(4)(5) Un enfoque común del manejo clínico de la infertilidad en las vacas lecheras ha consistido en la administración de progesterona mediante un dispositivo intravaginal liberador de progesterona (DIV); sin embargo, los resultados han sido variables. Mientras en algunos estudios la administración de progesterona incrementa la proporción de vacas gestantes del total inseminado (porcentaje de concepción o G/IA) en otros no se ha observado ningún efecto.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fertilidad en vacas lecheras tratadas en la fase lútea temprana con un dispositivo intravaginal liberador de progesterona reutilizado

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Probamos si el tratamiento en la fase lútea temprana con un dispositivo intravaginal liberador de progesterona (DIV) reutilizado incrementa el porcentaje de concepción (PC) en vacas lecheras. Se realizaron dos experimentos; en el primero, se determinaron las concentraciones de progesterona en vacas tratadas con un DIV reutilizado. Siete vacas recibieron PGF2α y se insertó durante siete días un DIV reutilizado. Se determinaron diariamente las concentraciones de progesterona, las cuales se incrementaron de 0.42 ± 0.17 ng/ mL (media ± desviación estándar) al momento de la inserción del DIV a 1.99 ± 0.52 ng/mL a las 24 h y a 2.11 ± 0.40 ng/mL a las 48 h; la concentración promedio fue de 1.4 ± 0.55 ng/mL. En el segundo experimento, 383 vacas se asignaron el día cuatro posinseminación a dos tratamientos: DIV (n = 188), recibieron un DIV reutilizado, el cual se retiró el día 14; Testigo (n = 195), no recibieron dispositivo. Se determinaron las concentraciones de progesterona en siete vacas de cada grupo. El PC no fue afectado por el tratamiento [DIV (33.5 %) vs Testigo (37.4 %); P > 0.05]. No se observó interacción del tratamiento con el número de servicio, número de parto, tipo de puerperio (normal o patológico), condición corporal o días en leche (P > 0.05). Las concentraciones de progesterona fueron similares entre los tratamientos (P > 0.05). Se concluye que la inserción de un DIV reutilizado en la fase lútea temprana no aumenta las concentraciones de progesterona ni incrementa el PC en vacas lecheras.

show abstract

Symposium review: Progesterone effects on early embryo development in cattle

Cited by 36 publications

References 96 publications

Factors That Optimize Reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Herds with an Emphasis on Timed Artificial Insemination Programs

Factors That Optimize Reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Herds with an Emphasis on Timed Artificial Insemination Programs

The first week following insemination is the period of major pregnancy failure in pasture-grazed dairy cows

Fertilidad en vacas lecheras tratadas en la fase lútea temprana con un dispositivo intravaginal liberador de progesterona reutilizado

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About