Symmetry-dependent field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization

Liu, Liang; Zhou, Chang; Shu, Xinyu; Li, Changjian; Zhao, Tieyang; Lin, Weinan; Deng, Jinyu; Xie, Qidong; Chen, Jingsheng; Zhou, Jing; Guo, Rui; Wang, Han; Yu, Jeffrey W.; Shi, Shu; Yang, Ping; Pennycook, Stephen J.; Manchon, Aurélien

doi:10.1038/s41565-020-00826-8

Cited by 165 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Previously, we demonstrated current‐induced field‐free switching in a simple bilayer structure of L1 1 ‐CuPt/CoPt, owing to an exotic symmetry‐breaking SOT arising from a low‐symmetry point group. [ 38 ] In this work, we show that the mode of field‐free switching in the above bilayer is dominated by domain nucleation, which has been rarely employed for neuromorphic computing. Comparing to domain wall propagation, domain nucleation has a much less stringent requirement on defects, since they naturally form the basis of intermediate states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spin–Orbit Torque‐Induced Domain Nucleation for Neuromorphic Computing

et al. 2021

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Neuromorphic computing has become an increasingly popular approach for artificial intelligence because it can perform cognitive tasks more efficiently than conventional computers. However, it remains challenging to develop dedicated hardware for artificial neural networks. Here, a simple bilayer spintronic device for hardware implementation of neuromorphic computing is demonstrated. In L11‐CuPt/CoPt bilayer, current‐inducted field‐free magnetization switching by symmetry‐dependent spin–orbit torques shows a unique domain nucleation‐dominated magnetization reversal, which is not accessible in conventional bilayers. Gradual domain nucleation creates multiple intermediate magnetization states which form the basis of a sigmoidal neuron. Using the L11‐CuPt/CoPt bilayer as a sigmoidal neuron, the training of a deep learning network to recognize written digits, with a high recognition rate (87.5%) comparable to simulation (87.8%) is further demonstrated. This work offers a new scheme of implementing artificial neural networks by magnetic domain nucleation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spin–Orbit Torque‐Induced Domain Nucleation for Neuromorphic Computing

et al. 2021

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“…The third direction is the field-free magnetization switching using 2D vdW materials with low crystal symmetries. The crystal symmetry induced out-of-plane damping-like SOT in some 2D vdW materials suggests a strategy for field-free switching of perpendicularly magnetize system (Liu et al, 2021). To date, various approaches for field-free SOT-induced magnetization switching of PMA systems have been proposed and demonstrated.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Van Der Waals Materials for Spin-Orbit Torque Applications

Tian

Zhu

Jalali

et al. 2021

Front. Nanotechnol.

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Spin-orbit torque (SOT) provides an efficient approach to control the magnetic state and dynamics in different classes of materials. Recent years, the crossover between two-dimensional van der Waals (2D vdW) materials and SOT opens a new prospect to push SOT devices to the 2D limit. In this mini-review, we summarize the latest progress in 2D vdW materials for SOT applications, highlighting the comparison of the performance between devices with various structures. It is prospected that the large family of 2D vdW materials and numerous combinations of heterostructures will widely extend the material choices and bring new opportunities to SOT devices in the future.

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“…One could envision a demonstration of outof-plane magnetization switching at very low current densities, potentially even more efficient than recently demonstrated in low-symmetry CuPt/ CoPt bilayers. 9 Finally, it is still an open question if the various properties 10 of WTe 2 could be used to tune or enhance the spin-orbit torque, and if they are present in the disordered WTe x films studied by Li et al These properties, such as ferroelectricity, conducting edge states, and superconductivity, could lead to different mechanisms for the generation of spin-torques. Furthermore, it will also be interesting to observe charge-to-spin conversion phenomena in WTe 2 by tuning the Fermi level close to its topological bands, where a significant effect is expected.…”

Section: Previewsmentioning

confidence: 99%