Symbiotic relationship between hydrothermal carbonization technology and anaerobic digestion for food waste in China

Zhou, Ying; Engler, Nils; Nelles, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.102

Cited by 77 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Solid biochar could also be used in order to enhance biogas production [37,38]. This symbiotic relationship has been recently suggested for hydrochars [39]. Xu et al reported an increase in the methane content from 57.5% to 69.8% after using hydrochars for anaerobic digestion of pig carcass [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Brewery’s Spent Grains for the Production of Solid Biofuels

et al. 2019

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To make a beer there are four essential ingredients needed: water, malt, hops, and yeast. After brewing process, the main wastes are spent grains. These are often used as additions to fodders in animal husbandry. This study presents preliminary results of an investigation aiming to determine the feasibility of an alternative use of spent grains as a potential source of solid fuel. This source of energy could make breweries partly sustainable in terms of their energy supply. Such an approach may be feasible especially in large scale industrial breweries. This preliminary study presents encouraging results, showing improvements in terms of the fuel properties of the spent grain after its valorization through hydrothermal carbonization. Moreover, qualitative GC-MS analysis also indicates potential feasibility of the liquid byproduct of the hydrothermal carbonization of spent grain for biogas production. Results of proximate, ultimate, and DTG analyses show that hydrothermal carbonization of spent grain could improve its fuel properties and make it an especially suitable feedstock for fast pyrolysis and gasification. Improvement of HHV is also an improvement in terms of combustion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Brewery’s Spent Grains for the Production of Solid Biofuels

et al. 2019

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“…Recently, digestate from organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was treated by HTC by Reza et al [ 94 ], obtaining an energy–dense solid hydrochar and a process water with mainly organic acids and amino acids. Zhou et al [ 97 ] underlined in their study the synergistic effect of the combination of AD and HTC, in order to evaluate a sustainable treatment for food waste in China.…”

Section: Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

Process Waters from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sludge: Characteristics and Possible Valorization Pathways

Langone

Basso

2020

IJERPH

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an innovative process capable of converting wet biodegradable residues into value-added materials, such as hydrochar. HTC has been studied for decades, however, a lack of detailed information on the production and composition of the process water has been highlighted by several authors. In this paper the state of the art of the knowledge on this by-product is analyzed, with attention to HTC applied to municipal and agro-industrial anaerobic digestion digestate. The chemical and physical characteristics of the process water obtained at different HTC conditions are compared along with pH, color, organic matter, nutrients, heavy metals and toxic compounds. The possibility of recovering nutrients and other valorization pathways is analyzed and technical feasibility constraints are reported. Finally, the paper describes the main companies which are investing actively in proposing HTC technology towards improving an effective process water valorization.

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“…Olfactory tropotaxis is the ability to simultaneously compare odor inputs among multiple receptors, such as antennae or nostrils [2]. Animals can use tropotactic mechanisms to orient towards an odor based on concentration gradient [3] or time of odor arrival [4] Bilateral processing of odors (stereo-olfaction) is crucial in the olfactory localization behavior of a wide range of taxa, including insects [5,6], mollusks [7,8], crustaceans [9], fish [4], and mammals [10][11][12][13]. Bilateral odor sampling is necessary for rats to determine which side an odor arrives [11] and a rat's ability to follow a scent trail is degraded when a single nostril is blocked [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of ecology in shaping external nasal morphology in bats and implications for olfactory tracking

Brokaw

Smotherman

2020

PLoS ONE

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Many animals display morphological adaptations of the nose that improve their ability to detect and track odors. Bilateral odor sampling improves an animals' ability to navigate using olfaction and increased separation of the nostrils facilitates olfactory source localization. Many bats use odors to find food and mates and bats display an elaborate diversity of facial features. Prior studies have quantified how variations in facial features correlate with echolocation and feeding ecology, but surprisingly none have asked whether bat noses might be adapted for olfactory tracking in flight. We predicted that bat species that rely upon odor cues while foraging would have greater nostril separation in support of olfactory tropotaxis. Using museum specimens, we measured the external nose and cranial morphology of 40 New World bat species. Diet had a significant effect on external nose morphology, but contrary to our predictions, insectivorous bats had the largest relative separation of nostrils, while nectar feeding species had the narrowest nostril widths. Furthermore, nasal echolocating bats had significantly narrower nostrils than oral emitting bats, reflecting a potential trade-off between sonar pulse emission and stereo-olfaction in those species. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the evolutionary interactions between olfaction and echolocation in shaping the external morphology of a facial feature using modern phylogenetic comparative methods. Future work pairing olfactory morphology with tracking behavior will provide more insight into how animals such as bats integrate olfactory information while foraging.

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Symbiotic relationship between hydrothermal carbonization technology and anaerobic digestion for food waste in China

Cited by 77 publications

References 81 publications

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Brewery’s Spent Grains for the Production of Solid Biofuels

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Brewery’s Spent Grains for the Production of Solid Biofuels

Process Waters from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sludge: Characteristics and Possible Valorization Pathways

Role of ecology in shaping external nasal morphology in bats and implications for olfactory tracking

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