Swine influenza viruses and pandemic H1N1‐2009 infection in pigs, Myanmar

Mon, Pont Pont; Thurain, Khin; Janetanakit, Taveesak; Nasamran, Chanakarn; Bunpapong, Napawan; Aye, Aung Myo; San, Yin Yin; Tun, Than Naing; Amonsin, Alongkorn

doi:10.1111/tbed.13616

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We found that H1N1/pdm09 virus is circulating enzootically in Cambodian swine herds. Since the H1N1/2009 pandemic, multiple H1N1/pdm09 virus spillovers back to pigs have occurred, seeding novel H1N1 reassortant viruses across the world [37-39]. We also detected multiple reverse zoonotic H3 lineages in Cambodian pigs that had circulated undetected for about 10 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Multiple lineages of swIAV have been detected in pigs across Southeast Asia [12-18]. In Thailand, the H1N1/pdm09 virus was the prevailing subtype detected in swine from 2011 to 2014 [14], co-circulating with classical swine (CS) H1, EA H1N1, and H3N2 lineages [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple lineages of swIAV have been detected in pigs across Southeast Asia [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surveillance studies from Vietnam between 2010-2013 detected H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2 subtype IAV in swine [15][16][17]. While in Myanmar, H1N1/pdm09, H1N2, and multiple H3 lineages have been detected from 2017-2019 [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The genomic landscape of swine influenza A viruses in Southeast Asia

Zeller

Wong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Swine are a primary source for the emergence of pandemic influenza A viruses. The intensification of swine production, along with global trade, has amplified the transmission and zoonotic risk of swine influenza virus (swIAV). Effective surveillance is essential to uncover emerging virus strains, however gaps remain in our understanding of the swIAV genomic landscape in Southeast Asia. By collecting more than 4,000 nasal swabs and 4,000 sera from pigs in Cambodia, we unmasked the co-circulation of multiple lineages of genetically diverse swIAV of pandemic concern. Genomic analyses revealed a novel European avian-like H1N2 swine reassortant variant with North American triple reassortant internal genes, that emerged approximately seven years before its first detection in pigs in 2021. Using phylogeographic reconstruction, we identified south central China as the dominant source of swine viruses disseminated to other regions in China and Southeast Asia. We also identified nine distinct swIAV lineages in Cambodia, which diverged from their closest ancestors between two to 15 years ago, indicating significant undetected diversity in the region, including reverse zoonoses of human H1N1/2009 pandemic and H3N2 viruses. A similar period of cryptic circulation of swIAVs occurred in the decades before the H1N1/2009 pandemic. The hidden diversity of swIAV observed here further emphasizes the complex underlying evolutionary processes present in this region, reinforcing the importance of genomic surveillance at the human-swine interface for early warning of disease emergence to avoid future pandemics.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple lineages of swIAV have been detected in pigs across Southeast Asia [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The genomic landscape of swine influenza A viruses in Southeast Asia

Zeller

Wong

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All strains shared the following five glycosylation sites ( 28 NST 30 , 40 NVT 42 , 291 NCT 293 , 498NGT 500 , 557 NGS 559 ), while SW/198/20 had an additional glycosylation site at 502NYS504 compared to the other strains. The increase in glycosylation sites may be related to the strain's heightened pathogenicity ( Bourret, 2018 ; Mon et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%