Swelling and drug release properties of acrylamide/carboxymethyl cellulose networks formed by gamma irradiation

El‐Din, Horia M. Nizam; Alla, Safaa G. Abd; El‐Naggar, Abdel Wahab M.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2010.01.011

Cited by 55 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The exponential heuristic equation is generally used to study the diffusion mechanism of water molecules in a hydrogel network during the initial swelling process 28. It can be written as follows:27–29 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and swelling behaviors of porous hemicellulose‐g‐polyacrylamide hydrogels

Sun

Jing

Guangzheng

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Novel porous hydrogels were successfully synthesized from hemicelluloses (HCs) and acrylamide (Am) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as the porogen. The prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the used PEG was not involved in the formation process of the hydrogels, and the HC-g-polyacrylamide hydrogels displayed a higher thermal stability than the hemicellulosic polymer. SEM analysis confirmed that the prepared hydrogels had porous structures. The effects of the Am/HC ratio, the amount and molecular weight of PEG and the amount of the crosslinker N,N-methylene bisacrylamide on the swelling ratio of the prepared hydrogels were investigated in detail. The experimental data were fitted with the exponential heuristic equation and the Schott second-order dynamic equation. The diffusion of water molecules into the hydrogel network was found to be non-Fickian in behavior, and the swelling kinetics could be described by the Schott second-order dynamic equation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and swelling behaviors of porous hemicellulose‐g‐polyacrylamide hydrogels

Sun

Jing

Guangzheng

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Crosslinking is usually observed at higher solute concentrations (Fei et al 2000;Yoshii et al 2003), but recently successful gel formation in dilute solutions was also reported (Wach et al 2014). Of the cellulose derivatives, most of the publications appear on the radiation induced synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose hydrogels (El-Din et al 2010;Fei et al 2000;Liu et al 2002;Wach et al 2003a), other derivatives getting significantly less attention (Furusawa et al 2005;Pekel et al 2004;Wach et al 2003b). These cellulose based hydrogels are usually crosslinked by gamma or electron beam irradiation (Wach et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of cellulose derivative based superabsorbent hydrogels by radiation induced crosslinking

et al. 2014

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Hydrogels with high water uptake were prepared by ionizing radiation induced crosslinking in aqueous solutions of four cellulose derivatives (carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt-CMC-Na, methylcellulose-MC, hydroxyethylcellulose-HEC and hydroxypropylcellulose-HPC). The gel fraction increased with absorbed dose, while water uptake decreased. At high polymer concentrations lower gel fractions were found due to the lower polymer chain mobility and inhomogeneity at low water content. The swelling rate gradually slowed down after 4-5 h. CMC and HEC gels reached equilibrium after 24 h, while HPC and MC gels required longer immersion times. Gels showed second-order swelling kinetics in water. The mechanism of the water diffusion proved to be anomalous. In pure water, CMC gels showed the highest, while HPC and MC gels the lowest water uptake. The derivatives had different sensitivities to ionic strength in the swelling solution. The salt type also proved to be a significant factor at uniform ionic strength. Thus different cellulose derivative based gels may be preferred at various applications depending on the environment.

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“…It is easily available, very cheap and has high shear stability. The use of crosslinked CMC, in gel formulations using grafting technique with selected monomers, mainly polyacrylamide, in addition to other techniques has been reported recently . CMC is a reaction product of cellulose with sodium hydroxide and chloroacetic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation initiated synthesis of 2‐acrylamidoglycolic acid grafted carboxymethyl cellulose as pH‐sensitive hydrogel

El‐Mohdy

2013

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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This article exploits a new approach for synthesis of carboxymethyl cellulose/poly 2-acrylamidoglycolic acid by graft and crosslinked copolymerization in aqueous solution by a simple one-step using c-radiation. The reaction parameters affecting the equilibrium swelling, i.e., mass ratio of AG to CMC and irradiation dose were systematically optimized to achieve a superabsorbent hydrogel with a maximum swelling capacity. The structure, crystallinity, thermal stability, and surface morphology were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. FTIR proved that the grafting reaction occurred between the hydroxyl group of CMC and PAG chain. The thermal analysis data show that the prepared hydrogel is more thermally stable than pure CMC. The swelling behaviors in distilled water in various pH solutions, temperature and various ionic salt solutions (NaCl as monovalent, CaCl 2 as divalent and FeCl 3 as trivalent) were investigated in detail. The effect of cationic salt solutions on the swelling had the following order: Na 1 > Ca 21 > Fe 31 . In addition, the pH-reversibility was preliminarily investigated with alternating pH between 12 and 2. The equilibrium swelling of CMC/PAG was achieved in 70 min. The hydrogel was responsive to the pH and salts; it also has reversible swelling and deswelling character. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:2753-2761, 2014

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Swelling and drug release properties of acrylamide/carboxymethyl cellulose networks formed by gamma irradiation

Cited by 55 publications

References 17 publications

Preparation and swelling behaviors of porous hemicellulose‐g‐polyacrylamide hydrogels

Preparation and swelling behaviors of porous hemicellulose‐g‐polyacrylamide hydrogels

Synthesis of cellulose derivative based superabsorbent hydrogels by radiation induced crosslinking

Radiation initiated synthesis of 2‐acrylamidoglycolic acid grafted carboxymethyl cellulose as pH‐sensitive hydrogel

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