Sustained pectin ingestion: effect on gastric emptying and glucose tolerance in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients.

Abstract

The effects of sustained pectin ingestion on gastric emptying, glucose tolerance, and hormone responses were studied in 12 stable, non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetic patients. Patients were placed on a 2400 kcal, low-fiber (3 g) diet for 2 wk, followed by 4 wk of an isocaloric diet supplemented with 20 g apple pectin/d. Gastric-emptying half-time, plasma glucose, glucagon, and human pancreatic polypeptide levels were determined. Gastric-emptying half-time was prolonged 43% (p less than 0.025) by pectin supplementation and returned to normal 3 d after its discontinuation. Fiber supplementation decreased the incremental area under the glucose tolerance curve from 34.8 +/- 3.0 to 27.9 +/- 3.2 mmol/L (p less than 0.01) but did not affect hormonal responses to a meal. Sustained pectin ingestion slowed the gastric-emptying rate and improved glucose tolerance; however, a direct relationship could not be demonstrated between changes in gastric emptying and changes in the incremental area under the glucose curve (r = 0.22).

Visão retrospectiva em fibras alimentares com ênfase em beta-glucanas no tratamento do diabetes

“…À pectina é atribuído o efeito de retardar o esvaziamento gástrico. Para avaliar esta propriedade, Schwartz et al (1988) suplementaram uma dieta isocalórica, com baixa concentração de fibras, com pectina da maçã em 12 indivíduos diabéticos tipo 2. Observaram diminuição de 43% do tempo de esvaziamento gástrico nos indivíduos tratados com pectina.…”

“…Observaram diminuição de 43% do tempo de esvaziamento gástrico nos indivíduos tratados com pectina. Além disso, a fibra diminuiu o incremento da área sob a curva de tolerância à glicose (Schwartz et al, 1988). Mais recentemente, Derivi e cols.…”

Effect of a Balanced Mixture of Dietary Fibers on Gastric Emptying, Intestinal Transit and Body Weight

“…However, as some other investigators did not find a delay of gastric emptying after fiber intake [16,22,31,32] , further studies on this effect are necessary. In addition, the late postabsorptive satiety may be related both to the absorption of short chain fatty acids, which are produced by fermentable fibers, such as inulin [33,34] , and to the blunting of glycemic peaks after meal [24,35] with consequent decrease of insulin peaks, considered responsible of the subclinical hypoglycemia and hunger craving [36][37][38] .…”

Effect of a peel passion fruit flour (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) extract on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m and on the morphology of red blood cells

“…It has been reported some benefic effects of the P. flavicarpa flour in Wistar diabetic rats, such as cholesterol level reduction, increased glucose tolerance, prolonging gastric-emptying half-time, (Guertzenstein, 1998) increased protein metabolism (Pirman et al, 2007). There are also studies in human suggesting an effect of pectin in reduction of cholesterol (Guertzenstein, 1998;Schwiezer et al, 1991), glucose blood levels (Schwartz et al, 1988) and glucose absorption in human intestine (Fuse et al, 1989). Tc) is the most utilized radionuclide in nuclear medicine to obtain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).…”