Sustainable Wastewater Treatment and Utilization: A Conceptual Innovative Recycling Solution System for Water Resource Recovery

Abstract

The global demand for drinking water is increasing day by day. Different methods are used for desalination of water, which can help in the conservation of resources, such as seawater, highly saline, or treated water underground reservoirs. Polluted water can be treated by the utilization of different advanced techniques. In this study, wastewater mixed canal water has been taken into consideration for the utilization of humans and agriculture use as well. A two-stage conceptual methodology has been proposed to deal with the water conservation and utilization process. In the first phase, power has been produced using a Belgian vortex turbine, which is a safe, efficient, and eco-friendly technology working without disturbing waterways. The power produced by the vortex machine will be utilized to operate the water treatment plant to obtain clean water for utilization in the second phase. Since enough energy is produced, and its availability to the water head level base is a natural resource, this energy can be used to fulfill daily water requirements by maximizing the energy-driven treatment process as per WHO Guidelines. Water quality can be monitored at regular intervals, depending upon the selection and installation of a treatment plant. An increase in efficiency comes from nearly exponential patterns depending on water velocity and availability. This technique will not only help in the production of clean water but will also help in the conservation of groundwater resources and the efficient utilization of wastewater.

Wastewater Refinery: Producing Multiple Valuable Outputs from Wastewater

“…Already today, only about 15% of the global population lives with relative water abundance, while most people are affected by at least latent pressure of potential water scarcity [47]. Many countries around the world, especially in Asia and Africa, will be facing aggravating freshwater scarcity in the coming decades, where the increase in water recycling will be essential [48]. Therefore, the recovery of purified water for usage in irrigation, groundwater recharge, or other applications will very often deserve high focus in addition to the recovery of nutrients or other marketable outputs of a wastewater refinery.…”

Use of Natural Sorbents in the Processes of Removing Biogenic Compounds from the Aquatic Environment

“…Currently, a problem with water scarcity is related not only to the drinking water quantity available but also to its quality, which is a result of intensive human activity [14]. The major cause of contamination of the aquatic environment is surface runoff from agricultural lands, where the excessive use of fertilizers [15] and insufficiently treated municipal and industrial wastewater are discharged into natural reservoirs [16]. The infiltration of mineral fertilizers (such as nitrates and phosphates), herbicides and pesticides into surface and subsurface waters contributes to water pollution (unfit for drinking) and disrupt the aquatic ecosystems in various regions [17].…”