Sustainable rehabilitation of mining waste and acid mine drainage using geochemistry, mine type, mineralogy, texture, ore extraction and climate knowledge

Anawar, Hossain M.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.04.045

Cited by 132 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…In this regard, the abundance of natural resources has not necessarily translated into desirable sustainable economic growth (Africa Development Bank, 2012). Generally, the exploitation of mineral resources has caused massive environmental degradation such as air, water and soil contamination; biodiversity loss (Hilson, ; Nilsson and Randhem, ; Sanchez, ; Anawar, ); widespread human rights abuses; livelihood destruction as well as deforestation and forest degradation in many communities and countries (Gualnam, ), while ignoring the concept of social licence to operate. A social licence to operate exists when a mining project has the broad acceptance and ongoing approval of society to conduct its activities (Joyce and Thomson, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National benefits, local costs? Local residents' views on environmental and social effects of large‐scale mining in Chingola, Zambia

Kolala

Umar

2019

Natural Resources Forum

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This study examined the environmental and social effects of large‐scale mining in Chingola, Zambia. Data was collected through semi‐structured interviews with 164 residents living close to Zambia's largest open pit mine, key informants and desk analysis of secondary data. Quantitative data was analysed using the chi‐square test, one sample T‐test and two sample Z‐proportions test, while qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. Results show that the residents reported being most affected by sulphur dioxide air emissions and noise pollution due to the proximity of the copper smelter and heavy moving machinery to their residences. The residents received domestic water containing rust and copper ore particles from the water utility company which draws raw water from the mine. Although the mine was a source of employment for locals, over 4,000 jobs (representing a 33% decrease) have been lost over a period of 4 years, negatively affecting the local economy. Mine management attributed the job losses to high production costs and mechanization of mining processes. The residents perceived the job losses to have led to crime, alcohol abuse and prostitution among youths as well as a general increase in poverty levels. Analysis of air emissions data from the mine found elevated levels of dust, cadmium, copper and lead pollutants. Key informants from Nchanga Mine reported implementing bioremediation to reduce soil contamination by the heavy metals and recycling SO2 to produce sulphuric acid. The study recommends an increase in social corporate responsibility from the mine management to ensure residents derive more substantive benefits from their proximity to the mine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National benefits, local costs? Local residents' views on environmental and social effects of large‐scale mining in Chingola, Zambia

Kolala

Umar

2019

Natural Resources Forum

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“…The detailed reactions include various steps that may also involve contributions from other oxidizing agents (e.g. ferric iron) and bacteria (Kleinman et al 1981;SRK 1989;Aubertin et al 2002;INAP 2012;Anawar 2015).…”

Section: Global Reaction and Main Prevention Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Reclamation Techniques for Acid-Generating Mine Wastes upon Closure of Disposal Sites

et al. 2016

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Acid mine drainage (AMD) remains a major environmental challenge for the mining industry. The preferred options for effectively limiting the environmental impact of AMD consist in controlling the reactions through the use of preventative techniques. Their principal objective is to exclude at least one of the constitutive elements of the chemical reactions, i.e. water, oxygen, or sulfidic minerals. The article recalls the basic principles and reviews different approaches for the prevention and control of AMD upon mine closure. The main methods include multi-layer covers, water covers, and an elevated water table (with a mono-layer cover). Their main advantages, limitations and uncertainties are addressed. Alternative approaches, such as environmental desulphurization and co-disposal of waste rock and tailings, are also discussed.

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“…Para uma gestão eficaz e integrada de resíduos sólidos e da DAM, Anawar (2015) sugere a caracterização geológica, geoquímica, mineralógica e microtextural dos depósitos minerais antes das atividades de mineração terem início, além de estudos sobre processos de extração de minério, reações geoquímicas e microbianas, atenuação natural dos poluentes e efeito das mudanças climáticas para reabilitação sustentável das áreas de mineração. Caraballo et al (2016) O uso de resíduos ou subprodutos do tratamento da DAM por outras atividades torna-se um recurso alternativo muito importante.…”

Section: Da Damunclassified

Efeitos da drenagem ácida de mina sobre a qualidade das águas subterrâneas: preceitos legais e técnicos

Galhardi

Soldera

2018

RHE

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Resumo: Atividades de mineração podem causar degradação ambiental em grandes extensões, comprometendo solos, águas superficiais e subterrâneas, atmosfera e a biota. A exploração mineral tem como consequência a exposição de grandes quantidades de sulfetos a processos de intemperismo que geram ambientes ácidos em consequência da produção de drenagem ácida de mina (DAM), promovendo a solubilização de metais e o transporte destes para os fluxos de águas naturais. Entretanto, as variações hidroquímicas das águas subterrâneas em áreas de mineração e os efeitos da DAM sobre os aquíferos foram ainda pouco investigados no Brasil. Este trabalho visou identificar as principais normas legais que gerem a qualidade dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos no Brasil, de forma a integrar aspectos ambientais, técnicos e legais concernentes aos impactos da DAM sobre as águas subterrâneas, possibilitando, dessa forma, identificar os fatores mais urgentes a serem desenvolvidos com o intuito de proteger efetivamente tais recursos. Entre tais fatores, a definição de critérios de lançamento de efluentes sobre os solos e águas é essencial, inclusive para projetar-se um sistema de coleta, tratamento e disposição final de resíduos em áreas de mineração que atendam a preceitos básicos de qualidade ambiental. Para isso, uma avaliação criteriosa sobre os processos ambientais e geoquímicos operantes no meio é essencial durante o planejamento pré-mineração, operatório e pós-operação. Desta forma, os problemas concernentes aos efluentes ácidos gerados, que podem comprometer profundamente os ecossistemas, não serão resolvidos em curto prazo por meio de uma intervenção pontual e desarticulada com parâmetros legais e ambientais.Palavras-chave: Drenagem ácida de mina. Contaminação ambiental. Águas subterrâneas. Hidrogeologia. Abstract:Mining activities can increase environmental problems, compromising soils, surface water, groundwater, atmosphere and biota. Mineral exploitation can result in the exposure of large amounts of sulfides to weathering processes that generate acid effluents due to the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD), promoting solubilisation and transporting of metals to natural waters. However, the hydrochemical variations of groundwater in mining areas and the effects of AMD on aquifers were still poorly investigated. This work aimed to identify the main legal aspects for managing the quality of water resources in Brazil, specifically the groundwaters, in order to integrate environmental, technical and legal aspects concerning the impacts of AMD on groundwaters, thus allowing us to identify the factors to be developed in order to effectively protect these resources. The definition of criteria for the release of acid effluents into soils and water resources is essential to project a system for the collection, treatment and final disposal of wastes in mining areas complying with basic parameters of environmental quality. Therefore, a careful evaluation of environmental and geochemical processes is essential during the pre-mining, mining...

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Sustainable rehabilitation of mining waste and acid mine drainage using geochemistry, mine type, mineralogy, texture, ore extraction and climate knowledge

Cited by 132 publications

References 148 publications

National benefits, local costs? Local residents' views on environmental and social effects of large‐scale mining in Chingola, Zambia

National benefits, local costs? Local residents' views on environmental and social effects of large‐scale mining in Chingola, Zambia

Review of the Reclamation Techniques for Acid-Generating Mine Wastes upon Closure of Disposal Sites

Efeitos da drenagem ácida de mina sobre a qualidade das águas subterrâneas: preceitos legais e técnicos

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