Sustainable Nanosystem Development for Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

Nowadays, considerable efforts are invested into development of sustainable nanosystems as front end technology for either Electrospray Ionization (ESI) or Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS). Since their first introduction in MS, nanofluidics demonstrated a high potential to discover novel biopolymer species. These systems confirmed the unique ability to offer structural elucidation of molecular species, which often represent valuable biomarkers of severe diseases. In view of these major advantages of nanofluidics-MS, this chapter reviews the strategies, which allowed a successful development of nanotechnology for MS and the applications in biological and clinical research. The first part will be dedicated to the principles and technical developments of advanced nanosystems for electrospray and MALDI MS. The second part will highlight the most important applications in clinical proteomics and glycomics. Finally, this chapter will emphasize that advanced nanosystems-MS has real perspectives to become a routine method for early diagnosis of severe pathologies.

Snapshot imprinting as a tool for surface mapping and identification of novel biomarkers of senescent cells

“…The MIP synthesis, enzyme proteolysis and peptide sequencing were performed as described earlier. 22 The monomeric mixture, comprised of NIPAm, TBAm, MBAA, AA and 3-aminopropyl methacrylamide, was optimised for protein imprinting. 25,26 The synthesised nanoparticles are nontoxic to cultured cells, although the monomer mixture itself might induce stress.…”

“…Recently, we have described an experimental approach for using molecular imprinting to identify peptide sequences on the protein surface with potential antigenic properties. 22 The method involves synthesis of MIP nanoparticles in the presence of whole protein, partial proteolysis of the protein bound to polymer, and subsequent sequencing of released peptides that were bound to the polymer. The important concept behind this principle relies on the assumption that MIPs synthesised in the presence of protein protect from proteolysis peptide sequences on the protein surface that are involved in MIP formation.…”