Sustainable, electrically-conductive bioepoxy nanocomposites

Varghai, Daniel; Maiorana, Anthony; Meng, Qingkai; Gross, Richard A.; Manas‐Zloczower, Ica

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2016.11.028

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(104 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Table 3 also shows the Shore D hardness values of the samples. The hardness values of all the analyzed samples are close to 49 Shore D, the value presented in the literature for the LDPE [36]. The addition of MMT increased the penetration resistance of the nanocomposites, specifically, increased hardness values by approximately 8%.…”

Section: Thermal Morphological and Mechanical Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 80%

Protective Low-Density Polyethylene Residues from Prepreg for the Development of New Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite: Recycling and Characterization

Severino

Montanheiro

Ferro³

et al. 2019

Recycling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A sustainable alternative to the destination of polyethylene (PE) residue from the prepreg package was established. This work intends to develop nanocomposites for packaging containing neat low-density polyethylene (LDPE), a compatibilizer agent (maleic anhydride grafted-LDPE, LDPE-g-MA), recycled LDPE obtained from the protective films of prepreg (rLDPE) and montmorillonite (MMT). The rLDPE, from the prepreg shield, has a primary role during the transport and storage of prepreg, which can be composed of epoxy resin and carbon fiber or glass fiber. However, this rLDPE is withdrawn and discarded, besides, it is estimated that tons of this material are discarded monthly by the company Alltec Materiais Compostos Ltd. (São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil). Due to several factors, including the lack of technology for recycling, the majority of this material is incinerated. In this context, this work presents a technical and ecologically viable alternative for the use of this discarded material. Nanocomposites of LDPE/rLDPE blends and montmorillonite (MMT) with different contents (0.0, 1.0, and 3.0 wt%) and with the addition of compatibilizer agent (LDPE-g-MA) were prepared by extrusion process. Test specimens were obtained by hot pressing in a hydropneumatic press followed by die-cutting. The nanocomposites produced using rLDPE presented good mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties, being the ideal concentration of 1 wt% MMT. Thus, the results obtained confirmed the viability of recycling LDPE from the prepreg package which contributes to the reduction of waste and the use of this material in technological applications.

show abstract

Section: Thermal Morphological and Mechanical Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 80%

Protective Low-Density Polyethylene Residues from Prepreg for the Development of New Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite: Recycling and Characterization

Severino

Montanheiro

Ferro³

et al. 2019

Recycling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the meantime, the elongation at break of the blends declined with increasing mass fraction of the graphite, leading to a decrease in the stiffness of the blends. Varghai et al [19] further prepared nanocomposites based on unprocessed multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and a bio-derived epoxy resin: diglycidyl ether of diphenolate n-butyl ester (DGEDP-Bu), which was extracted from diphenolic acid. The characteristics of the bio-derived epoxy and commercial DGEBA epoxy composites were studied and compared in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric behaviours of bio‐derived epoxy resins from cashew nutshell liquid

Vaughan

2020

High Voltage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, four commercially available bio‐derived epoxy systems (extracted from cashew nutshell liquid) were prepared and characterised. The glass transition temperature (T g), dielectric spectroscopy, DC conductivity and breakdown properties of these epoxy resins were studied. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that the T g of the investigated systems ranged from 67 to 122°C. The DC conductivity was very low (<10−16 S cm−1) and comparable to the conventional dielectrics at room temperature (RT). However, all systems showed a strong temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity and exhibited sharp increase around their respective T g. Arrhenius analysis led to activation energy, E a, values around 1 eV; higher E a values were observed in systems with a lower T g. Dielectric spectroscopy revealed a flat and low response at temperature below T g. However, both the real and imaginary permittivity increased with decreasing frequency at mid to low frequencies as the temperatures approached T g. The variations of AC breakdown strength of all samples were not statistically significant, but the DC breakdown strength of sample 2503A + 2002B was higher than the others, which might be due to reduced charge transport in this system. The results indicate that novel bio‐derived epoxy systems from renewable sources are potential alternatives for traditional petroleum‐based epoxy systems in certain insulation applications.

show abstract

“…In the recent publications, − diphenolic acid-based epoxy monomers showed some interesting properties such as high T g , high reactivity, and tuned viscosity, but no diphenolic acid-based PHU has been reported so far. The rigid bisphenol ring structure of diphenolic acid was expected to confer high heat resistance and other properties to the corresponding PHUs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) Derived from Diphenolic Acid and Carbon Dioxide and Their Application in Solvent- and Water-Borne PHU Coatings

Fan

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To develop biobased polyurethanes (PUs) via a less hazardous, nonisocyanate route, herein we synthesize a series of biobased polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) by reacting a new biobased cyclocarbonate (derived from renewable diphenolic acid and carbon dioxide) with ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), and isophoronediamine (IPDA), corresponding to PHU-EDA, PHU-DETA, and PHU-IPDA, respectively. Their molecular structures are identified from 1H NMR and FTIR analyses. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis shows that the molecular weights of these PHUs grow to as high as 5 kDa in a short reaction time (4 h) at a relatively low reaction temperature (80 °C). Subsequently, the solvent-borne (in acetone) coatings of these PHUs are successfully fabricated with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A as the cross-linker. The cured PHU coatings on aluminum panels show the high pencil hardness (up to 4 H), adhesive force (up to grade 1), glass transition as high as 116 °C, and initial thermal degradation temperature up to 190 °C. Furthermore, we realize the good dispersion of these PHUs in water by introducing chemically bonded carboxylic anions into the molecular backbone to form a stable aqueous emulsion with well-controlled particle sizes and further demonstrate its application in a water-borne PHU coating with good mechanical and thermal properties. Overall, we develop a facile yet effective method to prepare sustainable, biobased PHUs based on diphenolic acid and carbon dioxide via a safer, greener nonisocyanate route and furthermore demonstrated their use as solvent-borne coatings and greener water-borne coatings of reduced environmental impact.

show abstract

Sustainable, electrically-conductive bioepoxy nanocomposites

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

Protective Low-Density Polyethylene Residues from Prepreg for the Development of New Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite: Recycling and Characterization

Protective Low-Density Polyethylene Residues from Prepreg for the Development of New Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite: Recycling and Characterization

Dielectric behaviours of bio‐derived epoxy resins from cashew nutshell liquid

Polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) Derived from Diphenolic Acid and Carbon Dioxide and Their Application in Solvent- and Water-Borne PHU Coatings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About