Sustainable development outcomes of livelihood diversification in small‐scale fisheries

Roscher, Matthew; Allison, Edward H.; Mills, David J.; Eriksson, Hampus; Hellebrandt, Denis; Andrew, Neil L.

doi:10.1111/faf.12662

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…This study reiterates other recent findings (e.g. Eriksson et al 2020 ; Roscher et al 2022a ) in showing that assumptions surrounding rural coastal livelihoods should be tested, as realities may differ. In this context of Zanzibar’s MPAs, it was found that livelihoods are highly dynamic and for women there has been an almost entire shift away, within 6 years, from seaweed farming into small-scale business and fisheries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Furthermore, interventions may generate community support for MPAs through buy-in mechanisms which can help build trust and compliance (Tobey and Torell 2006 ). The materialisation of positive outcomes from these livelihood interventions, which can be exogenous (externally induced) or endogenous (self-induced), is often assumed, yet when empirically tested, outcomes can be highly mixed (Roscher et al 2022a ). Importantly, introducing diversified and alternative sources of income does not necessarily translate to exits from resource extractive activities, such as fishing (de la Torre-Castro and Lindström 2010 ; Cinner 2014 ; Katikiro 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dynamic livelihoods, gender and poverty in marine protected areas: Case study from Zanzibar, Tanzania

Pike,

Lindström,

Ekstedt

et al. 2024

Ambio

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Livelihood initiatives are common within marine protected areas (MPAs) aiming for poverty alleviation or higher income opportunities. However, results can be mixed in reality, as well as change over time. Furthermore, who benefits is a key consideration, as results can vary based on inequalities, including gender. Here, the monetary outcomes of different livelihood strategies were investigated across three MPA regions in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Using a quantitative approach, the results show that livelihoods have shifted in a six-year period, with livelihood strategies differing in poverty incidence and income. Livelihood initiatives, namely seaweed farming and tourism, did not provide significantly higher monetary returns compared to long-standing livelihoods, such as fisheries. Seaweed farming showed income stability but a high poverty incidence predominantly within women-headed households. During the study period, men primarily remained in fisheries, whilst women shifted to small-scale businesses and fisheries, largely exiting seaweed farming. This underscores a need for adaptive, gender sensitive management within fast changing coastal contexts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic livelihoods, gender and poverty in marine protected areas: Case study from Zanzibar, Tanzania

Pike,

Lindström,

Ekstedt

et al. 2024

Ambio

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“…Whereas most asset‐rich households relied less on fishing for income, quantities harvested were much larger than “high reliance‐low harvest” poor households. This finding highlights the importance of understanding the role of fisheries for asset‐rich households with high harvests and low fishing reliance, and crucially, to find strategies that avoid or limit the use of alternative sources of income to subsidize increases in fishing efforts (Roscher et al, 2022). Further, asset‐rich households who specialize in fishing because of higher returns afforded by more capital‐intensive operations may be more likely to resist initiatives to collectively manage local fisheries and to invest beyond the fishery sector (Coomes et al, 2004; Poissant, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livelihoods and poverty in small‐scale fisheries in western Amazonia

Poissant,

Coomes,

Robinson

et al. 2023

Fisheries Management Eco

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Small‐scale fisheries are vital to millions of rural people, but surprisingly little is known about the environmental and socio‐economic factors that guide rural peoples' decisions to adopt a fishery‐oriented livelihood. We analyzed data from a large‐scale household survey of 3929 households in 235 rural communities in the Peruvian Amazon to develop multi‐scalar quantitative models to explain engagement in fishing and the relationship between fishing livelihoods and poverty. Households harvested an average of 1000 kg of fish and sold 450 kg over the 12 months preceding interviews. The mean total annual income was 3119 USD per household and fishing contributed 27% to total income. Access to extensive floodplain habitat, geographical isolation, and an available workforce were important drivers of fishing activity, while poor market connectivity and limited financial capital restricted households from increasing the scale of market‐oriented fishing. Wealthier households generally harvested more fish, whereas reliance on fisheries was greatest among poorer households who harvested less fish. Fisheries management and conservation initiatives in developing regions must consider the distinct drivers of fishing specialization across the full wealth spectrum with particular attention to “high reliance‐high harvest” households.

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“…Recommendations to improve fisher household resilience when confronted by disruptions include 'diversifying livelihood(s) to reduce dependency on the fishery and provide for additional sources of income and food' (Ferrer et al, 2021: 99). Diversification of income sources for small scale fisherfolk is a common practice by both men and women as a potential way out of poverty (de Steenhuijsen Piters et al, 2021;Roscher et al, 2022). However, we focus specifically on diversification by women in fisheries due to the extent to which they dominate diversification in fishing businesses (see: Gopal et al, 2020;Gustavsson, 2020).…”

Section: The Burden Of Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Ocean Optimism” and Resilience: Learning From Women’s Responses to Disruptions Caused by COVID-19 to Small-Scale Fisheries in the Gulf of Guinea

et al. 2022

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This study examines the response of women to disruptions caused by COVID-19 in small-scale fisheries (SSF) in the Gulf of Guinea (GOG). It interrogates the concept of resilience and its potential for mitigating women’s vulnerability in times of adversity. We define resilience as the ability to thrive amidst shocks, stresses, and unforeseen disruptions. Drawing on a focus group discussion, in-depth interviews with key informants from Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana and Nigeria, and a literature review, we highlight how COVID-19 disruptions on seafood demand, distribution, labour and production acutely affected women and heightened their pre-existing vulnerabilities. Women responded by deploying both negative and positive coping strategies. We argue that the concept of resilience often romanticises women navigating adversity as having ‘supernatural’ abilities to endure disruptions and takes attention away from the sources of their adversity and from the governments’ concomitant failures to address them. Our analysis shows reasons for “ocean optimism” while also cautioning against simplistic resilience assessments when discussing the hidden dangers of select coping strategies, including the adoption of digital solutions and livelihood diversification, which are often constructed along highly gendered lines with unevenly distributed benefits.

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Sustainable development outcomes of livelihood diversification in small‐scale fisheries

Cited by 19 publications

References 92 publications

Dynamic livelihoods, gender and poverty in marine protected areas: Case study from Zanzibar, Tanzania

Dynamic livelihoods, gender and poverty in marine protected areas: Case study from Zanzibar, Tanzania

Livelihoods and poverty in small‐scale fisheries in western Amazonia

“Ocean Optimism” and Resilience: Learning From Women’s Responses to Disruptions Caused by COVID-19 to Small-Scale Fisheries in the Gulf of Guinea

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