Sustainable development indicator systems for island cities: The case of Zhoushan Maritime Garden City

Abstract

Because islands and archipelagos are often said to present distinct characteristics, there is a need to develop indicator systems for guiding and evaluating the sustainable development of island cities. This methodologically oriented study considers existing standards for urban sustainable development and uses these as the basis for selecting 70 indicators to assess the sustainability of China's Zhoushan Archipelago, bearing in mind Zhoushan's specific island and archipelago environment. The indicators are classified into ecological, social, economic, cultural, and scientific and technological dimensions. Present conditions in Zhoushan Archipelago are evaluated using statistical data. The results shows that the sustainability of Zhoushan's ecology, economic and social performance is good, while the cultural and science and technology dimensions perform relatively poorly. This study suggests future focus areas for Zhoushan's urban sustainable development as a maritime garden city.

Locating the interstitial island: Integration of Zhoushan Archipelago into the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

“…National New Area status was regarded as requiring joined-up spatial planning, with the Four Islands Area, One City 四岛一城 objective seeking to increase cohesion among the archipelago’s four administrative subdivisions (Putuo District, Dinghai District, Shengsi County, Daishan County), leading to the Zhoushan Islands New District (City) Master Plan (2012–2030) 浙江舟山群岛新区（城市）总体规划. Initiatives such as Zhoushan City’s 2017 publication of A Guide to the Construction of the Maritime Garden City 关于建设海上花园城的指导意见, which presents Zhoushan as an ecological, social, and economic island exemplar (Chen and Dong, 2019), suggest a municipal government eager to deploy national and provincial policy frameworks in the service of locally oriented and ‘islanded’ planning. National- and regional-level planning regarding Zhoushan has tended to enhance the local government’s drive to conceive of Zhoushan as a cohesive archipelago rather than a loose assembly of islands, though such approaches risk overlooking the distinct needs and conditions of the various islands that comprise Zhoushan City (Zhang and Xiao, 2020).…”

Land Capability and Suitability Assessment for Reducing Risk Disaster in Small Island: The Case of Sulabesi Island, Indonesia

“…In general, the most dominating land use is settlements [22], which is in line with the coastal conditions on small islands dominated by community settlements. One of the main challenges coastal settlements face on small islands is realizing coastal settlements to support life in it [23], [24].…”

Comprehensive evaluation of environmental dimension reduction of multi-type islands: a sustainable development perspective

“…Although China's effort on island ecological environment protection started relatively late compared to foreign countries, with China's emphasis on islands in recent years, the protection and management works of islands has been increasing. Some achievements have been made in island development (Shen, 1995), island protection and ecosystem evaluation (Chen and Dong, 2019). Compared with other countries with more successful island development (e.g.…”