Sustainable development analyses to evaluate groundwater quality and quantity management

Abstract

In this study, a qualitative and quantitative change of groundwater resources of Damghan Basin was analyzed. Fifty-four active piezometric wells was used in the region which mostly suffer from shortage of drinkable water standard. Physical properties of 59 quality wells have been evaluated in order to determine the quality of groundwater by measuring factors such as pH, hardness, chloride content, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solid (TDS). By physical/chemical analyses, it was concluded that results for selected resources of Damghan Basin have been more comprehensive during 2008-2009 in comparison with other periods because scattered data cover all areas of the basin. By comparing the results with drinking water quality standards (WHO), assessment of water resources were conducted as acceptable to unsuitable. Hydrochemical perspective drawn using Piper diagram indicates that most of the selected water resources in the area contain chloride constituents. However, Na% values indicate that just 83 % of samples are permissible for using in irrigation purposes.

Addressing Nitrate Contamination in Groundwater: The Importance of Spatial and Temporal Understandings and Interpolation Methods

“…One way to study GW contamination is through a Geographic Information System (GIS) used for visualising environmental contaminant spatial distribution [31][32][33]. However, due to time and money constraints, fewer GW samples are collected in the field for chemical analysis, which could impact experimental results and findings [34].…”