Sustainable and Efficacy Approach of Green Synthesized Cobalt Oxide (Co3O4) Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxicity Activity on Cancerous Cells

Abstract

In this study, rosemary leaf extract was effectively used to synthesize cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs) using a rapid, low-cost, and environmentally friendly approach. The prepared Co3O4 NPs were examined using various analytical techniques. However, UV spectrum analysis displayed two sharp absorption peaks at~350 and 745 nm. The dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements were used to evaluate the particle size and the effective stabilization of the synthetic nanoparticles in the suspensions. A semi-triangular pyramidal shape of the Co3O4 NPs with a wide particle-size distribution could be observed in the scanning electron microscopy images. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum confirmed their successful synthesis, as the experimental atomic percentages agreed with the theoretical values. Moreover, X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the synthesized Co3O4 NPs had a cubic crystalline structure corroborating that of theoretical Co3O4. Additionally, the Co3O4 NPs were not toxic at ≤62.5 µg /mL for Hep G2 and at ≤31.25 µg /mL for Mcf7. Therefore, these unique environmentally friendly Co3O4 NPs at this safe concentration could be studied in the future for their therapeutic activity.

Impact of Co3O4 nanoparticles on epoxy's mechanical and corrosion-resistance properties for carbon steel in seawater

“…High zeta potential for a dispersion system, whether positive or negative, suggests that the particles are resistant to aggregation and indicates an apparently stable system 38 . The surface of synthesized Co 3 O 4 -NPs is the negative value of zeta potential which agrees with the literature 39 , 40 .

Figure 4 Zeta potential distribution of Co 3 O 4 -NPs.

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Rosemary: Unrevealing an old aromatic crop as a new source of promising functional food additive—A review

“…In general, the rosemary extracts have been believed to have strong anti‐tumor/anti‐cancer activities, which can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and colony formation of a variety of human cancer cells, such as gastric cancer (Huang et al., 2023), breast cancer (Song et al., 2023), lung cancer (O'Neill et al., 2022), colon cancer (Ibrahim et al., 2021), prostate cancer (Jaglanian et al., 2020), skin cancer (Kallimanis et al., 2022), liver cancer (Al‐Qasmi, 2022), and cervical cancer (Rizwana et al., 2022). Initially, many scientists believed that the anti‐tumor effect of rosemary might be related to its potent antioxidant activity.…”

The High Efficient Investigations of Properties of Co3O4 Nanostructured by Facile Spray Pyrolysis Technique for Future Gas Sensors Application

“…Among these oxide semiconductors, Co 3 O 4 is eco‐friendly, biocompatible, biodegradable, chemically stable, inexpensive, and not chemically toxic. [ 9 ] It is one of the most versatile and widely used for numerous applications, including photocatalytic, [ 10 ] sensors, [ 11 ] high efficient electrode of Li‐ion batteries for electrical energy storage, [ 12 ] and absorbent layer in solar cell. [ 13 ]…”

“…Among these oxide semiconductors, Co 3 O 4 is eco-friendly, biocompatible, biodegradable, chemically stable, inexpensive, and not chemically toxic. [9] It is one of the most versatile and widely used for numerous applications, including photocatalytic, [10] sensors, [11] high efficient electrode of Li-ion batteries for electrical energy storage, [12] and absorbent layer in solar cell. [13] Lately, discoveries have brought new perspective for potential applications of Co 3 O 4 certified by excellent performance gas sensors in terms of stability of response and reproducibility in the detection of pollutant gases.…”