Sustainability of water services in Ethiopia

Mason, Nathaniel; MacDonald, Alan; Mtisi, Sobona; Haylamicheal, Israel Deneke; Abebe, Habtamu

doi:10.3362/9781780447636.006

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…According to this study, hand washing using soap before meal was 36.2% and after defecation 14.8% [3].This difference may be due to access to sanitation facility is higher in urban setting than rural Ethiopia [17,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand Washing Practice Before Covid-19 Pandemic and Associated Factors Among Primary School Children at Hawassa City Sidama Ethiopia

Hirigo¹,

Mulatu²,

Hussen³

2021

Preprint

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Objectivesthe aim of this study was to assess hand washing practice before covid-19 pandemic and associated factors among primary school children, Hawassa City, Sidama, Ethiopia MethodAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at primary schools children in Hawassa city, Sidama Ethiopia from February to October 2019. A total of 739 students were selected using multistage sampling techniques. Information about socio demography and associated factors was collected by structured questionnaire.ResultIn this study, about 399 (54%) of the students wash their hands at critical times. Availability of hand washing material, availability soap/ash, availability water and pear influence (AOR =1.75, 95% CI=1.22, 2.23), (AOR = 3.23, 95% CI =2.02, 5.15), (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI=1.07, 2.89),(AOR=0.32 95% CI=0.101,0.98) had higher odds of washing practice respectively.ConclusionThe magnitude of hand washing practice was low in this study before covid -19 pandemic. In this regard, Poor access to hand washing facilities need to strengthen as intervention efforts. Further, health education promotion for hand washing practice could be done in school by Hawassa city administration Education office and better facilities need to avail by the stakeholders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand Washing Practice Before Covid-19 Pandemic and Associated Factors Among Primary School Children at Hawassa City Sidama Ethiopia

Hirigo¹,

Mulatu²,

Hussen³

2021

Preprint

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“…Once a water service is constructed and therefore “improved,” it may then be considered as safely-managed, basic, or limited. The negative impact of water quality apart from physical drying or low yielding as well as weak operation and maintenance of water on the functionality of basic water services were reported in studies [ 2 , 3 , 13 ]. In the case of rural Ethiopia, partial functionality and non-functionality of basic water services were reported as prevalent challenges [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The negative impact of water quality apart from physical drying or low yielding as well as weak operation and maintenance of water on the functionality of basic water services were reported in studies [ 2 , 3 , 13 ]. In the case of rural Ethiopia, partial functionality and non-functionality of basic water services were reported as prevalent challenges [ 13 ]. Ethiopia is not alone in its developmental struggle for clean water accessible from improved sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The types of the basic water services include: hand dug wells with hand pumps, springs without distribution networks, shallow wells with hand pumps and rope pumps [ 17 ]. As in many other countries, in addition to limited access to basic water services, non-functionality of newly built or existing basic water services is a major problem in Ethiopia [ 13 ]. One study, based on 12 countries across African and Asian continents, found that 28.7% were non-functional or partially functional [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The importance of water quality in classifying basic water services: The case of Ethiopia, SDG6.1, and safe drinking water

et al. 2021

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Introduction Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 aims to coordinate international efforts toward “clean water and sanitation.” However, water contaminated with pathogenic bacteria or thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) will not achieve the SDG target of clean water in the lives of people around the world. The aim of this study is to assess the water quality parameters of basic water services in Amhara and Afar regions of Ethiopia as well as the role and importance of local managerial committees in ensuring basic water functionality. Methods This mixed methods research, conducted in January-June 2019, sampled 22 districts from food-insecure areas in the Amhara and Afar regions of Ethiopia. From the 22 districts, which represent nearly one third of all districts in each region, 111 water services classified as “basic” were randomly selected. For each selected water service, research included: water quality sample testing, visual observation of water services, interviews and focus group discussions with the associated water managerial committee members. Descriptive statistics frequency, percent, mean, median, standard deviations, normal tables, cross-tables and graphs are used to present the data. Results Although the international water standard for thermotolerant coliform (TTC) levels is 0 CFU/100ml, in our sample of 111 water services, the maximum TTC counts were 71 CFU/100 ml and the mean was 4 CFU/100 ml. Thermotolerant coliform counts were above the permissible standard values for nearly 40% (n = 111) of the basic water services. TTC was detected in 44 (39.64%) (n = 111) basic water services. Of these, 38 (34.23%) were operationally functional while 6 (5.41%) were not functional. Approximately one third of the basic water services sampled, deemed “functional” by international standards, do not provide potable water due to thermotolerant coliform (TTC) levels. Conclusion Our findings from the Amhara and Afar regions of Ethiopia demonstrate that water quality parameters are not currently considered in classifying basic water services. This suggests that international efforts to address SDG 6 should incorporate water quality as a key parameter to better track international progress toward “clean water and sanitation” efforts. We discuss two potential pathways for stronger inclusion of water quality parameters in international definitions: (1) to mandate water quality within “functional” and “non-functional” definitions or (2) to add a ladder rung titled “safe basic water services” to the international drinking water ladder. Our findings from Ethiopia suggest that additional research should be undertaken in development contexts to assess whether or not “functional” basic water services provide safe drinking water to users.

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“…The Ethiopian government, using salaried health workers and voluntary community health promoters was successful in motivating rural households to construct latrine and improve hygiene. The success story of HEP is mostly due to the implementation strategy employed (Newborne and Liisanantti, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Contextual Factors, Psychosocial Factors and Hygienic Practices of Tribes in Liberia

Mr.

2020

EAJESS

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This study determined the relationship between contextual factors, psychosocial factors and hygienic practices of the tribes of Liberia. Data were collected from six randomly selected tribes from three regions in Liberia. Convenient, stratified and random sampling techniques were employed to survey 390 household heads who were aged 15 years and above. A correlational design was used and data gathered were analyzed utilizing inferential statistics. Majority of the respondents were males aged 40 years and above and of the middle and high income category. Regression analysis revealed self-efficacy, social environment and cognitive factors as predictors of hygienic practices in terms of disposal of wastes, while self-efficacy, cognitive, policy implementation and cultural identity predicted handwashing. Additionally, social environment, self-efficacy, physical environment, cognitive and policy implementation predicted bathing practices. Respondents who had high income, high educational attainment and of the tribes C and E had a better practice on waste disposal. Those with high income and of the tribes D and C had a better handwashing practice, while those who had high income and of the A and E ethnic groups exhibited better bathing practices.

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Sustainability of water services in Ethiopia

Abstract: Ethiopia has made significant progress in extending access to improved water sources under its Universal Access Plan (UAP).

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Hand Washing Practice Before Covid-19 Pandemic and Associated Factors Among Primary School Children at Hawassa City Sidama Ethiopia

Hand Washing Practice Before Covid-19 Pandemic and Associated Factors Among Primary School Children at Hawassa City Sidama Ethiopia

The importance of water quality in classifying basic water services: The case of Ethiopia, SDG6.1, and safe drinking water

Relationship between Contextual Factors, Psychosocial Factors and Hygienic Practices of Tribes in Liberia

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