“…SSM enables researchers to explain situations and describe problems through two perspectives, namely, system thinking and a real-world view. This idea makes SSM easily applied to many sectors, including new product development (Presley et al, 2000), supply chain sustainability (Sriwana et al, 2017), fishery strengthening institutional model (Batubara et al, 2016), the sugar cane agro-industry (Asrol et al, 2018), strategy formulation (Fadhil et al, 2018), financing (Edi et al, 2019), government, andorganizations. Related to this research, Papilo (2019) has designed a bioenergy-based palm oil institutional model using SSM to maintain a sustainable bioenergy-based palm oil business in Riau Province, Indonesia.…”