Sustainability Concept in Turkish Shipyards

Abstract

Sustainability is an important issue in the 21st century. Although there are a high number of publications, some areas are still untouched, like sustainability concepts in shipyards. This paper aims to explore the literature of the sustainability concept in the shipbuilding industry and to propose a further research outline. The impact of green supply chain practices (GSCM) on three sustainability performance-economic, environmental and social performance-will be also examined. A systematic literature review is applied between 1980 and 2020 using Scopus and Web of Science databases. After eliminating duplicates, unrelated articles, a total of 27 articles were identified. The analysis shows that there is not much research on the shipyard's sustainability and the green supply chain practices impact on the economic, environmental and social performance. One article examined the relations of green supply chain readiness, customer requirements, governmental involvement, social responsibility and competitive advantage to the willingness to participate in green supply chain management initiatives in the suppliers of two big shipyards. The other one examined which of the sustainable development goals collaborate with the maritime industry based on publicly published corporate social responsibility and sustainable development reports. Both studies do not focus on green supply chain practices as a performance evaluation of the three sustainable dimensions in a shipyard. In addition, there are dissertations in Turkey, which examined green supply chain practices and their impacts on the environmental, social and economic performance in the manufacturing, packaging companies, finding significance positive relations. As a result, we found that few studies examined the sustainability of shipyards, this study will fill the literature gap being one of the first study on this subject and contributing to the emerging shipyards sustainability literature.

Barriers and enablers for developing sustainable supply chains in the shipbuilding industry

“…[2], [5], [12], [17] are two strong relationships between these factors which correspond to: Information technology (ICT) and collaboration (C) and the relationship between top management commitment (SMC) and organizational culture (OC). Th e above allows validating the information found through the content analysis of the articles.…”

“…This applies to a wide variety of sectors. However, those related to marine transportation have received particular attention, as they generally develop their ship and equipment design, construction, and improvement processes close to at-risk and protected ecosystems such as marine and river ecosystems [3]- [5]. In addition, companies must keep up with environmental practices for competitive reasons.…”

“…Especially those related to environmental problems, such as resource depletion and pollution caused by transportation. Cruise ships and cargo ships account for almost 30% of global emissions of smog-forming sulfur oxide and almost 10% of SO₂ emissions from burning fossil fuels [5], [9]- [11]. Entities such as the IMO (International Maritime Organization), have issued standards that seek to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions generated by a ship.…”

The effect of green supply chain management practices on the sustainability performance of Turkish shipyards

“…China and South Korea were leaders in this research in Asia, while in Europe, there were investigations from Spain, Turkey, and Holland. The main emphasis areas for shipyard industries were on shipyard layout design, growth directions for small and medium shipyards, shipbuilding supply chain, and green shipping and green manufacturing were applied in the shipyard (Tantan and Akdağ, 2020).…”