Susceptibility of Giardia lamblia to Hovenia dulcis extracts

Gadelha, Ana Paula Rocha; Vidal, Fábio; Castro, T.M.; Lopes, Cláudia S.; Albarello, Norma; Coelho, Marsen Garcia Pinto; Figueiredo, Solange Faria Lua; Monteiro-Leal, Luiz Henrique

doi:10.1007/s00436-005-1476-6

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In 1998, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that only in Asia, Africa and America over 200 million Giardia lamblia infections are reported yearly (Macotela et al 2004). Contamination with this pathogenic protozoan leads to malnutrition, diarrhea, nausea, cramps, jaundice, avitaminosis, and weight loss in children (Gadelha et al 2005). The drug of choice in the treatment of giardiasis is metronidazole (Flagyl), which is among the nitroimidazole derivatives and effective on anaerobic bacteria and protozoa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of olive leaf, Satureja khuzestanica, and Allium sativum extracts on Giardia lamblia cysts compared with metronidazole in vitro

et al. 2015

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Giardia lamblia is one of the common causes of worldwide diarrhea in children. Appropriate medicinal treatment for giardiasis is available but there are some evidences of drug resistance, insufficient efficacy, and unpleasant side effects. In order to reach a more natural drug with suitable efficacy and the lowest side effects, the effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of olive leaf, Satureja khuzestanica, and Allium sativum on G. lamblia cysts were evaluated in vitro, as well as antigiardial effect of the extracts was compared with metronidazole as the drug of choice. 2 and 5 mg of the plants extracts and powder of metronidazole 250 mg pills were added to 1 ml of G. lamblia cysts suspension (containing 5,000 cyst/ml normal saline), and the percentages of bioavailability of G. lamblia cysts were examined at the 2nd and 4th h after exposure and in 4 and 37°C temperatures using eosin 0.1 % and a haemocytometer. The data were analyzed by multiway ANOVA test, Tukey's test, and the SPSS software, version 18. The examinations demonstrated that olive leaf extract had the most fatality rate on G. lamblia cysts in vitro (37.90 ± 7.01 %), followed by the extract of S. khuzestanica (32.52 ± 9.07 %). Metronidazole 250 mg pills had relatively effective fatality rate on G. lamblia cysts in vitro (28.75 ± 10.30 %), whereas A. sativum (garlic) had the lowest fatality effect on G. lamblia cysts in vitro (22.65 ± 10.47 %). With respect to higher fatality effect of olive leaf and S. khuzestanica extracts compared with metronidazole in vitro, these plants can be used as suitable candidates to make new antigiardial drugs with low side effects and without drug resistance in the treatment of giardiasis in children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of olive leaf, Satureja khuzestanica, and Allium sativum extracts on Giardia lamblia cysts compared with metronidazole in vitro

et al. 2015

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“…Extracts of H. dulcis act as detoxicant in alcohol poisoning and protect the liver against hepatotoxic substances (Kim, 2001;Xu et al, 2003). H. dulcis has medicinal properties, such as antigiardial activity (Gadelha et al, 2005) and others that were reviewed by Hyun et al (2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact callus cultures and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Rhamnaceae) under in vivo and in vitro culture conditions

Ivan¹,

Carlos²,

Tatiana³

et al. 2015

J. Med. Plants Res.

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“…To count the number of G. lamblia in culture, researchers frequently use the hemocytometer (Neubauer chamber) (Gadelha et al 2005;Mariante et al 2005;Rayan et al 2005). When dealing with G. lamblia-host cell interaction experiments, the direct use of such chambers is more complicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of a semiautomated computer method to determine the effects of DMSO on Giardia lamblia–intestinal cell interaction

2007

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In this work, we describe a semiautomated computer method to evaluate the activity of a common drug solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), on in vitro Giardia lamblia-host cell interaction. To compare the number of intestinal cells (IEC-6) and the adhered trophozoites over a specific area in control and treated coculture, a computer routine was created. Using video-light microscopy and digital image-processing tools, the operator was able to count the number of epithelial cells or parasites when they were still lying on the slide surface and without the need to detach them from the substrate for counting with a hemocytometer or other counting devices. Using this strategy, we calculated the total cell number per area and verified the effects of different concentrations of DMSO on G. lamblia-intestinal cell interaction and on the IEC-6 culture. At concentrations of 0.2% and 1%, this solvent produced a fragmentation on the monolayer of epithelial cells. However, DMSO did not affect the attachment of G. lamblia. In the course of these experiments, we compared the semiautomated method to the manual counting method and found that the first one generated smaller standard deviations (SD) than the second.

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Susceptibility of Giardia lamblia to Hovenia dulcis extracts

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of olive leaf, Satureja khuzestanica, and Allium sativum extracts on Giardia lamblia cysts compared with metronidazole in vitro

Effect of olive leaf, Satureja khuzestanica, and Allium sativum extracts on Giardia lamblia cysts compared with metronidazole in vitro

Compact callus cultures and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Rhamnaceae) under in vivo and in vitro culture conditions

The evaluation of a semiautomated computer method to determine the effects of DMSO on Giardia lamblia–intestinal cell interaction

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