The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the efficacy of 24% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) gel and 17% EDTA solution in cleaning dentine walls after root canal instrumentation. Thirty human canine teeth were divided into three groups of 10 teeth each. In Group 1, 1% sodium hypochlorite was used as the irrigating solution; in Group 2, 1% sodium hypochlorite was used with 17% EDTA solution; and in Group 3, 1% sodium hypochlorite was used with 24% EDTA gel. The presence of a smear layer was analysed after instrumentation using scanning electron microscopy. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a statistical difference (P < 0.05) between Groups 1 and 2, and also between Groups 1 and 3. No difference was observed between Groups 2 and 3 (P > 0.05). The results indicate that 1% sodium hypochlorite alone does not remove the smear layer and that there was no statistical difference between EDTA gel and EDTA solution in smear layer removal.

A retrospective cohort study was carried out aiming to assess the success rate of endodontic treatment of patients from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Brazil. The dental records of the sampling comprised all patients treated in 1998 and 1999. Trials were standardized and a pilot study was carried out to determine the feasibility of the proposed study. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to calculate the level of significance that was set at 5%. Logistic regression models were used to confirm significant effect of some variables on the endodontic outcome. The final sample size comprised 311 (75.9%) women and 99 (21.1%) men. The majority of cases (82.9%) were considered successful. Success was less frequent for patients with up to primary school education (55.6%) than for those with a higher degree of education (89.7%). The vital condition of the pulp showed a statistically significant relationship with the success of endodontic therapy (p < 0.05). These results suggest that it is possible to attain very high success rates for endodontic treatment when both the intraradicular andthe extraradicular causes of failure of endodontic treatment are well managed.

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the importance of knowledge of the internal anatomy of root canals for the success of endodontic treatment. Lack of knowledge of anatomic variations and their characteristics in different teeth has been pointed out as one of the main causes of endodontic therapy failure. In this report, the authors describe the endodontic treatment of a mandibular first molar with five root canals, evaluate the rate of occurrence of this number of canals, and discuss the importance of their identification and treatment.

related to the period of september of 2001 to June of 2007. 888 medical records from the archives of the clinic were analyzed. Among them 232 referred to anterior teeth. The presence and the location of the resorption were radiographically observed. The obtained results verified that the internal resorption was prevalent in 2.16% of the cases, with 0.86% located in coronal region, 0.44% in root region and 0.86% in both regions. We concluded that, despite of being a pathology of low incidence, the knowledge of it is important to the specialist, in order to provide a reliable diagnose and to plan a suitable treatment, once the negligence in a case of internal resorption in anterior permanent teeth can cause the loss of dental element and functional and esthetic alterations in the patient.

the measurements demonstrated strong agreement between examiners and significant reliability and reproducibility. Therefore, this methodology can serve as a standard for linear measurement analysis of the topography of mandibular canal and osseous adjacent structures.

The dental gemination is a morphological alteration that can occur during the development of the dental germ, resulting in a total or partial formation of two teeth which are not completely separate. The aim of this work was to relate an unusual case of gemination by the periapical radiography of superior central incisive in the permanent dentition.

he present study conducted an in vitro evaluation of the presence of apical deviation on the root canal preparation of the mesiobuccal roots of human maxillary molars employing automated handpieces with continuous motion, the Pow R system (Moyco Union Broach), and alternate motion, the M4 system (Kerr). Analysis of the presence of apical deviation was carried out by means of radiographs obtained on a radiographic desk fabricated for the study. The results demonstrated the lack of statistically significant differences between the two systems as to the evaluation of the presence of apical deviation. There was no correlation between the degree of curvature of the roots and the degree of apical deviation for the continuous motion system. However, there was a statistic difference for the alternate motion system, with a direct correlation of moderate degree. Uniterms: Root canal preparation; Apical deviation; Rotary instruments. presente trabalho avaliou, in vitro, a presença de desvio apical no preparo de canais radiculares em raízes mésio-vestibulares de molares superiores humanos utilizando-se de peças automatizadas de giro contínuo, sistema Pow R (Moyco Union Broach) e giro alternado, sistema M4 (Kerr -USA). A análise da presença de desvios apicais foi realizada por meio de radiografias obtidas na plataforma radiográfica confeccionada para o experimento. Os resultados mostraram não haver diferença estatisticamente significante quanto à avaliação da presença de desvio entre os dois sistemas. Não houve correlação entre o grau de curvatura das raízes e o grau de desvio apical, no sistema de giro contínuo. No entanto, o sistema de giro alternado apresentou diferença estatística de correlação direta e grau médio.

A cirurgia parendodôntica apresenta-se como uma alternativa terapêutica que pode ser realizada quando não é possível fazer o retratamento endodôntico convencional, com a finalidade de atuar solucionando problemáticas envolvidas por injurias apicais, visando combater agentes patógenos, como em casos de dentes calcificados. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse trabalho é descrever um caso clínico de cirurgia parendodôntica do dente 13 com raiz calcificada e portador de lesão perirradicular. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo elaborado a partir de um relato de caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 43 anos, que procurou o serviço da Clínica de Atenção Básica III na Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco da Universidade de Pernambuco, para tratamento endodôntico do dente 13. Após o diagnóstico de lesão perirradicular e calcificação interna do dente 13, optou-se por realizar a cirurgia parendodôntica. Foi realizada profilaxia antibiótica 1 hora antes do procedimento, antissepsia da região e anestesia local.  O retalho cirúrgico de escolha foi o Neumann. Foi realizada a localização da lesão com uma lima endodôntica, acesso à lesão, curetagem, apicectomia e obturação retrógrada com MTA e sutura local. Após o ato cirúrgico, uma radiografia periapical foi realizada e foi possível constatar o sucesso do procedimento. Assim, a cirurgia parendodôntica apresenta-se como uma indicação para dentes com raízes completamente calcificadas e sem possibilidade da realização do tratamento endodôntico convencional.