Susceptibility of Fish Cultured in Subtropical Area of Japan to Red Sea Bream Iridovirus.

Sano, Motohiko; Minagawa, Megumi; Sugiyama, Akihiro; Nakajima, Kazuhiro

doi:10.3147/jsfp.36.38

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Since it is generally known that MABV is acutely pathogenic in yellowtail and related species (Sorimachi & Hara 1985, Isshiki & Kusuda 1987, Sano et al 1998, the current results support such past studies. The strain H-1 is an isolate from Japanese flounder, so this strain is pathogenic against species other than its original host.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Infectivity of aquabirnavirus strains to various marine fish species

Isshiki¹,

Nagano²

2001

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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To determine the infectivity of marine birnavirus (MABV) in various marine fish species, experimental infection was performed in combination groups of 5 fish species with 7 strains of MABV and 1 strain of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). Mortality was observed in yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata and amberjack S. dumerili infected with MABV strains Y-6, Y-10K and H-1, but not in other infected species. MABV was reisolated from most combination groups, but the virus isolation rate and virus infectivity titer were often significantly different among groups with the same fish species or with the same virus strain. All MABV strains replicated well in makogarei Limanda yokohamae, but only slightly in tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes. IPNV also replicated in all fish species without causing death. The isolation rate and infectivity titer of IPNV were similar to or higher than those of non-virulent strains of MABV. In conclusion, the infectivity of MABV for different fish species is considered to change, which is an important factor in the development of the infection cycle of this virus among marine organisms. KEY WORDS: Aquabirnavirus · Marine birnavirus · Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus · Marine fish · Infectivity · Experimental infection Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 46: [109][110][111][112][113][114] 2001 We report the infectivity of several aquabirnavirus strains, including MABV and IPNV, against some marine fish species. The mortality, virus isolation rate and infectivity titer were compared among experimental groups. MATERIALS AND METHODSCell line. The CHSE-214 cell line (chinook salmon embryo; Lannan et al. 1984) was used in this study. This cell line was grown at 20°C in Eagle's minimum essential medium (Nissui, Japan) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum.Virus strains. The aquabirnavirus strains used in this study are shown in Table 1. Seven strains of MABV and 1 strain of IPNV isolated from fish and shellfish cultured in various areas of western Japan during natural outbreaks were examined. Among them, an unpublished strain, KMKBV-9701, was isolated from hatchery-reared makogarei Limanda yokohamae juveniles (27 d old, average 10 mm in total length) collected during mass mortalities at a water temperature of 15°C in February 1997 in Kagawa Prefecture. Each strain was grouped into MABV or IPNV by genogrouping based on amino acid sequences in the VP2/NS junction region (Hosono et al. 1996). All these strains were propagated on CHSE-214 cells at 20°C. The susceptibility of the CHSE-214 cell line at 20°C was nearly equal to all the used virus strains (data not shown).Experimental fish. Five species of marine fish were examined: yellowtail (mean body weight 2.2 g), amberjack Seriola dumerili (17.7 g), black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli (6.6 g), tiger puffer (3.0 g) and makogarei (6.2 g). These fishes were produced at Yashima Station of Japan Sea-Farming Association, Kagawa Prefectural Sea-Farming Center, or a priva...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Infectivity of aquabirnavirus strains to various marine fish species

Isshiki¹,

Nagano²

2001

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Although the relationship between the other two viruses in other countries and the RSIV in Japan is still undefined, systemic iridoviral infec tions are obstacles to the grouper culture in sub-tropical and tropical areas. Histopathological findings in RSIV infected grouper are similar to those of other iridovirus infections in other countries (Sano et al, 2000). The disease process, including viral growth in infected fish, however, is not well understood in both the grouper and the red sea bream.…”

supporting

confidence: 51%

“…Experimental infection trials con firmed that this grouper was highly susceptible to RSIV (Sano et al, 2000). The characteristic histopathological changes in the infected grouper are the degeneration of the spleen and head kidney and the appearance of a basophilic enlarged cell (Sano et al, 2000),as in red sea bream infected with RSIV (Inouye et al, 1992). Degen eration of the liver, body kidney, digestive tract, and gill was not notable in the grouper.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…RSIVD is an acute contagious disease among marine cultured fish in over 30 species (Inouye et al, 1992;Matsuoka et al, 1996;Kawakami and Nakajima, 2002). Experimental infection trials con firmed that this grouper was highly susceptible to RSIV (Sano et al, 2000). The characteristic histopathological changes in the infected grouper are the degeneration of the spleen and head kidney and the appearance of a basophilic enlarged cell (Sano et al, 2000),as in red sea bream infected with RSIV (Inouye et al, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multiplication of Red Sea Bream Iridovirus(RSIV) in the Experimentally Infected Grouper Epinephelus malabaricus.

2002

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“…2). It can only be assumed that the repetitive sequences might be associated with important regulatory functions during viral replication (He et al 2001, Jancovich et al 2003.Different cumulative mortalities, dependent on the host fish species infected with red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), have been reported for various marine fish species (Nakajima & Maeno 1998, Sano et al 2001. In the present study pearl gourami and silver gourami were susceptible to PGIV-1 isolated from pearl gourami and resulted in different cumulative mortalities (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Outbreaks and risks of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus disease in freshwater ornamental fishes

Jeong¹,

Kim²,

Jun³

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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We examined the distribution of iridoviruses in 10 freshwater ornamental fish species hatched in Korea and imported from other Asian countries using both 1-step and 2-step polymerase chain reation (PCR). None of the 10 fish species analyzed were free of iridovirus as shown by 2-step PCR positive results, and 3 species yielded 1-step PCR positive results with associated mortality. Cloned PCR amplicons of the adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and major capsid protein (MCP) genes in genomic DNA of iridovirus showed the same nucleotide sequences as that of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) isolated from the mandarinfish Siniperca chuatsi. These results indicate the presence of ISKNV disease in various ornamental fish as new host species and that the disease is widespread throughout different Asian countries including Korea, Singapore and China. Such infections were either clinical with associated mortality (and 1-step PCR positive) or asymptomatic in fish that were externally healthy (and only positive in 2-step PCR). Molecular analyses of the K2 region performed on iridovirus samples isolated from freshwater ornamental fishes revealed deletion/insertion of repetitive sequences of various lengths (42 to 339 bp), depending on the ISKNV isolates, without substitutions. Experimental infection of pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri and silver gourami T. microlepis with a tissue homogenate of pearl gourami infected by ISKNV induced 70 and 20% cumulative mortalities in the pearl and silver gourami, respectively. KEY WORDS: Iridovirus · ISKNV · Ornamental fish · Asymptomatic infection · Asian countries Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 78: [209][210][211][212][213][214][215] 2008 (ALIV) and dwarf gourami C. lalia iridovirus (DGIV) in Japan.Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), recently assigned to the new Megalocytivirus genus of the Iridoviridae family, based on morphological and genetic characteristics (Chinchar et al. 2005), has caused significant economic loss in the mandarinfish Siniperca chuatsi aquaculture sector of China (He et al. 2000). In studies to elucidate the transmission and host range of ISKNV, mandarinfish appears to be the only species infected naturally and the most susceptible species, followed by largemouth bass in experimental infections of 21 fish species tested (He et al. 2002). In addition, the presence of ISKNV has only been reported in China. Jeong et al. (2006a), using 2-step polymerase chain reation (PCR), reported megalocytivirus in marine fish species that were externally healthy, a condition that could be called persistent or asymptomatic infection. Moreover, investigation of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides salmoides, using a 1-step PCR technique after the occurrence of mass mortality, has also revealed the long-term persistence of ranavirus, largemouth bass virus (LMBV), in the population (Hanson & Petrie-Hanson 2001).Although Megalocytivirus and Ranavirus are epidemiologically and g...

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Susceptibility of Fish Cultured in Subtropical Area of Japan to Red Sea Bream Iridovirus.

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Infectivity of aquabirnavirus strains to various marine fish species

Infectivity of aquabirnavirus strains to various marine fish species

Multiplication of Red Sea Bream Iridovirus(RSIV) in the Experimentally Infected Grouper Epinephelus malabaricus.

Outbreaks and risks of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus disease in freshwater ornamental fishes

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