Survival Prognosis in Very Old Adults

Thinggaard, Mikael; McGue, Matt; Jeune, Bernard; Osler, Merete; Vaupel, James W.; Christensen, Kaare

doi:10.1111/jgs.13838

Cited by 52 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Previous studies showed mixed findings and had several limitations. Some were done only in women or men, some only in selected populations, e.g., very old persons or older adults free of stroke or cognitive impairment at baseline . Some have used batteries of several cognitive or functional tests which are time consuming or difficult to perform in primary care.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some have used batteries of several cognitive or functional tests which are time consuming or difficult to perform in primary care. One study performed in nonagenarian Danes showed that the chair stand score combined with MMSE was a way to estimate overall chance of survival in very old adults . Ensrud and colleagues evaluated the combination of functional and cognitive tests as a predictor of mortality in older women finding that the 5‐year mortality risk was substantially increased among women with deficits in mobility even after accounting for cognition .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study performed in nonagenarian Danes showed that the chair stand score combined with MMSE was a way to estimate overall chance of survival in very old adults. 19 Ensrud and colleagues evaluated the combination of functional and cognitive tests as a predictor of mortality in older women finding that the 5-year mortality risk was substantially increased among women with deficits in mobility even after accounting for cognition. 18 Studies that found the trail-making or the digit symbol tests predictive of mortality postulated that the association was due to their connection with mobility; they are functional neuropsychological tests.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining Gait Speed and Recall Memory to Predict Survival in Late Life: Population‐Based Study

Marengoni

Bandinelli

Maietti

et al. 2016

J American Geriatrics Society

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OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between gait speed, recall memory, and mortality. DESIGN A cohort study (last follow-up December 2009). SETTING Tuscany, Italy. PARTICIPANTS Individual data from 1,014 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or older with baseline gait speed and recall memory measurements and follow-up for a median time of 9.10 (IQR 7.1;9.3) years. Participants were a mean (SD) age of 73.9 (7.3) years, and 55.8% women. Participants walking faster than 0.8 m/s were defined as fast walkers; good recall memory was defined as a score of 2 or 3 in the 3-word delayed recall section of the Mini-Mental State Examination. MEASUREMENTS All-cause mortality. RESULTS There were 302 deaths and the overall 100 person-year death rate was 3.77 (95% CI: 3.37–4.22). Both low gait speed and poor recall memory were associated with mortality when analysed separately (HR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.87–3.27 and HR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.16–1.87, respectively). When we grouped participants according to both recall and gait speed, death rates (100 person-years) progressively increased from those with both good gait speed and memory (2.0; 95% CI: 1.6–2.5), to those with fast walk but poor memory (3.4; 95% CI: 2.8–4.2), to those with slow walk and good memory (8.8; 95% CI: 6.4–12.1), to those with both slow walk and poor memory (13.0; 95% CI: 10.6–16.1). In multivariate analysis, poor memory significantly increases mortality risk among persons with fast gait speed (HR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.04–1.89). CONCLUSION In older persons, gait speed and recall memory are independent predictors of expected survival. Information on memory function might better stratify mortality risk among persons with fast gait speed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Combining Gait Speed and Recall Memory to Predict Survival in Late Life: Population‐Based Study

Marengoni

Bandinelli

Maietti

et al. 2016

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…The discovery sample was drawn from the cohort of oldest-olds in which the baseline values for these phenotypes were previously reported to predict survival during old age (Nybo et al, 2003 and Thinggaard et al, 2016). As the genetic contribution to aging-related phenotypes and longevity has been suggested to be gender-specific (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Association between Variation in Longevity Candidate Genes and Aging-related Phenotypes in Oldest-old Danes

Soerensen

Nygaard

Debrabant

et al. 2016

Experimental Gerontology

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In this study we explored the association between aging-related phenotypes previously reported to predict survival in old age and variation in 77 genes from the DNA repair pathway, 32 genes from the growth hormone 1/insulin-like growth factor 1/insulin (GH/IGF-1/INS) signalling pathway and 16 additional genes repeatedly considered as candidates for human longevity: APOE, APOA4, APOC3, ACE, CETP, HFE, IL6, IL6R, MTHFR, TGFB1, SIRTs 1, 3, 6; and HSPAs 1A, 1L, 14. Altogether, 1,049 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 1,088 oldest-old (age 92–93 years) Danes and analysed with phenotype data on physical functioning (hand grip strength), cognitive functioning (mini mental state examination and a cognitive composite score), activity of daily living and self-rated health. Five SNPs showed association to one of the phenotypes; however, none of these SNPs were associated with a change in the relevant phenotype over time (7 years of follow-up) and none of the SNPs could be confirmed in a replication sample of 1,281 oldest-old Danes (age 94–100). Hence, our study does not support association between common variation in the investigated longevity candidate genes and aging-related phenotypes consistently shown to predict survival. It is possible that larger sample sizes are needed to robustly reveal associations with small effect sizes.

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“…Arguments exist, therefore, for expanding the definition of healthy ageing beyond simple disease status. Physical and cognitive functioning are much more strongly associated with survival in the oldest individuals than presence or absence of disease 4 , and these functions make essential contributions to quality of life.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%