Survival of shigellae in food

Taylor, Barbara C.; Nakamura, Mitsuru

doi:10.1017/s0022172400040018

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is known that the antimicrobial activity of organic "R denotes row statistic for comparison of serovars within one pH at 0 or 4°C. C denotes the column statistic for comparison of results at different pH levels for one serovar at acids in fruit juices becomes more apparent as temperature increases from refrigeration to room temperature (Beard and Cleary 1932;Mossel and de Bruin 1960;Aea and Bushnell 1962;Taylor and Nakamura 1964).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLAE IN ORANGE JUICE¹

Parish

Narciso

Friedrich

1997

Journal of Food Safety

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Salmonella serovars gaminara, hartford, rubislaw and typhimurium were inoculated into pasteurized orange juice adjusted to pH 3.5, 3.8, 4.1 and 4.4 and incubated at 0 and 4C. Inoculated salmonellae (106 colony‐forming units/mL) survived in detectable numbers up to 27 days at pH 3.5, 46 days at pH 3.8, 60 days at pH 4.1, and 73 days at pH 4.4. Lag times before initial cell populations began to decline were directly correlated with pH and ranged from < 1 day at pH 3.5 up to 27 days at pH 4.4. Death rates were inversely correlated with pH. Results suggest that salmonellae which might contaminate orange juice could survive sufficient time to cause illness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLAE IN ORANGE JUICE¹

Parish

Narciso

Friedrich

1997

Journal of Food Safety

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“…Several studies have found that although S. sonnei can survive from several to 170 days and can even grow well in food [17] , [18] , its die-off rate (half-time) in well water is only 24.5 h [19] , meaning that only 50% of the S. sonnei present at the beginning of a study period ( t = 0) remains after 1 day ( t = 1). According to the SEIARW model, the die-off rate of S. sonnei in well water can be represented by the following equation: …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Key Interventions for Shigellosis Outbreak Control in China

et al. 2014

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Shigellosis is a major public health concern in China, where waterborne disease outbreaks are common. Shigellosis-containing strategies, mostly single or multiple interventions, are implemented by primary-level health departments. Systematic assessment of the effectiveness of these measures is scarce. To estimate the efficacy of commonly used intervention strategies, we developed a Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious/Asymptomatic–Recovered–Water model. No intervention was predicted to result in a total attack rate (TAR) of 90% of the affected population (95% confidence interval [CI]: 86.65–92.80) and duration of outbreak (DO) of 89 days, and the use of single-intervention strategies can be futile or even counter-productive. Prophylactics and water disinfection did not improve TAR or DO. School closure for up to 3 weeks did not help but only increased DO. Isolation alone significantly increased DO. Only antibiotics treatment could shorten the DO to 35 days with TAR unaffected. We observed that these intervention effects were additive when in combined usage under most circumstances. Combined intervention “Isolation+antibiotics+prophylactics+water disinfection” was predicted to result in the lowest TAR (41.9%, 95%CI: 36.97–47.04%) and shortest DO (28 days). Our actual Shigellosis control implementation that also included school closure for 1 week, attained comparable results and the modeling produced an epidemic curve of Shigellosis highly similar to our actual outbreak data. This lends a strong support to the reality of our model that provides a possible reference for public health professionals to evaluate their strategies towards Shigellosis control.

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“…After World War II, S. sonnei replaced S. flexneri as the dominant pathogen in most developed and some developing countries (6,11-13). Shigella species have been found in most surface-waters, sewage, food, and crops contaminated by human faeces used as fertili-zer (14,15). Although recovered from these sources, Shigella species are most frequently transmitted via direct person-to-person contact, and 10-100 organisms are required to start an infection (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of <i>Shigella</i> Serogroups and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Southern Trinidad

Orrett

2009

J Health Popul Nutr

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The serogroup distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella isolates obtained from stool specimens of persons with acute diarrhoea in community-based studies from southern Trinidad during 1997-2006 were reviewed. Of the 5,187 stool specimens, 392 (8%) were positive for Shigella organisms. From these 392 isolates, 88.8% were recovered from children aged >0-10 year(s). Shigella sonnei was the most frequently-isolated serogroup (75%), followed by S. flexneri (19%), S. boydii (4.1%), and S. dysenteriae (1.8%). S. flexneri was the major isolate among the >20-30 years age-group. The most common drug resistance among all age-groups was to ampicillin. All strains of S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. dysenteriae were fully susceptible to aztreonam, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. S. sonnei, the most common species isolated, showed resistance to all antibiotics tested. The data showed that, throughout the study period, the resistance to commonly-used drugs was relatively low. Since resistance to several drugs seems to be emerging, continuous monitoring of resistance patterns is mandatory for the appropriate selection of empiric antimicrobial drugs in the therapy of suspected cases of shigellosis.

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Survival of shigellae in food

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLAE IN ORANGE JUICE¹

SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLAE IN ORANGE JUICE¹

Investigation of Key Interventions for Shigellosis Outbreak Control in China

Prevalence of <i>Shigella</i> Serogroups and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Southern Trinidad

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Survival of shigellae in food

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLAE IN ORANGE JUICE1

SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLAE IN ORANGE JUICE1

Investigation of Key Interventions for Shigellosis Outbreak Control in China

Prevalence of <i>Shigella</i> Serogroups and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Southern Trinidad

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Product

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SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLAE IN ORANGE JUICE¹

SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLAE IN ORANGE JUICE¹