Survival of black grouse<i>Tetrao tetrix</i>in the French Alps

Caizergues, Alain; Ellison, Laurence N.

doi:10.2981/wlb.1997.022

Cited by 44 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Previous research has demonstrated acute reproductive costs on survival of various species (Williams 1966, Erikstad et al 1998, including some grouse species (Tetraoninae, Angelstam 1984, Caizergues and Ellison 1997, Hagen et al 2007, Blomberg et al 2013. We extend the reproductive costs to a chronic effect on subsequent reproduction that, to our knowledge, has not been shown for grouse, but has been shown for other taxa (e.g., Røskaft 1985, Gustafsson andSutherland 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Reproductive costs to survival exist in both female (Blomberg et al 2013) and male sagegrouse (Boyko et al 2004), and have also been documented in black grouse (Tetrao tetrix;Angelstam 1984, Caizergues andEllison 1997), lesser prairie-chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus; Hagen et al 2005Hagen et al , 2007, and willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus; Hannon et al 2003). Further, physiological reproductive costs have been detected in male black grouse (Angelstam 1984, Kervinen et al 2012) and sage-grouse (Vehrencamp et al 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Effects of climatic variation and reproductive trade‐offs vary by measure of reproductive effort in greater sage‐grouse

et al. 2014

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Effects of climatic variation and reproductive trade-offs vary by measure of reproductive effort in greater sage-grouse.Ecosphere 5(12):154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00124.1Abstract. Research on long-lived iteroparous species has shown that reproductive success may increase with age, until the onset of senescence, and that prior reproductive success may influence current reproductive success. Such complex reproductive dynamics can complicate conservation strategies, especially for harvested species. Further complicating the matter is the fact that most studies of reproductive costs are only able to evaluate a single measure of reproductive effort. We systematically evaluated the effects of climatic variation and reproductive trade-offs on multiple reproductive vital rates for greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage-grouse), a relatively long-lived galliforme of conservation concern throughout western North America. Based on over a decade of field observations, we hypothesized that reproduction is influenced by previous reproductive success. We monitored hen reproductive activity from 1998 to 2010, and used generalized linear mixed models to assess effects of climate and previous reproductive success on subsequent reproductive success. Reproductive trade-offs manifested as chronic effects on subsequent reproduction and were not apparent in all measures of subsequent reproduction. Neither nest initiation nor clutch size were found to be affected by climatic variables (either year t À 1 or t) or previous reproductive success. However, both nest and brood success were affected by climatic variation and previous reproductive success. Nest success was highest in years with high spring snowpack, and was negatively related to previous brood success. Brood success was positively influenced by moisture in April, negatively associated with previous nest success, and positively influenced by previous brood success. Both positive and negative effects of previous reproduction on current year reproduction were observed, possibly indicating high levels of individual heterogeneity in female reproductive output. Our results support previous research in indicating that climatic variability may have significant negative impacts on reproductive rates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of climatic variation and reproductive trade‐offs vary by measure of reproductive effort in greater sage‐grouse

et al. 2014

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“…Black Grouse populations may be significantly affected by predation (Angelstam 1984;Caizergues and Ellison 1997) -even though most of the Black Grouse's predators prey upon eggs and chicks (Summers et al 2004), there were several species of predator in the study area that could be capable of taking adults, including Eagle Owl Bubo bubo, Goshawk Accipiter gentilis, Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos, Pine Marten Martes martes and Red Fox Vulpes vulpes. Furthermore, remains of several adults killed by unidentified birds of prey were found during our study period.…”

Section: Correlates Of Roost Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, given that the Black Grouse may use igloos even in relatively mild weather, when it may not be necessary for energetic reasons, an anti-predator function has also been suggested (Bergerud and Gratson 1988;Marjakangas 1990). This hypothesis seems rational because predation mortality, mainly due to large birds of prey, is particularly high (Angelstam 1984;Caizergues and Ellison 1997). Furthermore, an increased vulnerability to predation during years with little snow has been detected (Spidsø et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The winter roosting and diet of Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix in the north-western Italian Alps

Bocca¹,

Caprio²,

Chamberlain³

et al. 2013

J Ornithol

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The factors influencing the selection of Black Grouse winter roost sites and choice of roosting strategy (open-air roosts versus snow burrows, or 'igloos') were assessed in The Alps, including the influence of winter diet, snow conditions and habitat at different scales. Of 337 roosts detected, 31% were igloos and 69% were open-air roosts. At the larger scale (30x30m), ground curvature, altitude, slope, southerly aspect and mountain pine Pinus montana uncinata cover were positively correlated with roost presence. At the smaller scale (10m radius), roost presence was positively correlated with a northerly aspect, cover of green alder Alnus viridis, and a low cover of vegetation downslope from the roost. Roosting strategy was related to temperature and snow conditions (with more igloos when snow depth was greater, but fewer igloos when a hard snow crust had formed). The winter diet of the Black Grouse mostly comprised mountain pine needles (84% of droppings) . The results suggest that a range of factors influence choice of roost site, including predator avoidance, food availability and topography. The latter showed contrasting effects at different scales, suggesting that Black Grouse select colder sites (with deeper snow) within warmer areas (energetically more favourable). Management to encourage the mountain pine, whilst maintaining scattered green alder in the understorey, is likely to improve Black Grouse winter habitat quality. Choice of roosting strategy is however dictated by weather conditions. If the reduction in precipitation and snow cover continues as forecast, open-air roosting might be more frequent in the future. However, open-air roosting might increase predation risk, which could be deleterious for the species' conservation.

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“…The decline in grouse breeding success are commonly associated with increased rates of nest predation, especially by mammalian predators (Marcström et al 1988, Baines 1991, Caizergues & Ellison 1997, Kurki et al 1997, 1998, Kauhala & Helle 2002. In Fennoscandia, two hypotheses are generally put forward to explain the observed increases in predation pressures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and Environmental Determinants of Daily Black Grouse Nest Survival Rates at Variable Predator Densities

Ludwig

Alatalo

Helle³

et al. 2010

Annales Zoologici Fennici

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Ludwig, G. X., Alatalo, R. V., Helle, P. & Siitari, H. 2010: Individual and environmental determinants of daily black grouse nest survival rates at variable predator densities. -Ann. Nest predation in ground nesting black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) inhabiting managed boreal forests is arguably the single most important cause of nesting failure. Little is known, however, about indirect effects of other factors, such as maternal or environmental properties, and to what extent maternal and habitat qualities interact with varying levels of predator densities. Using an information-theoretical approach, we studied maternal and environmental determinants of daily nest survival rates under variable predator densities of 210 individual black grouse hens in central Finland. Environmental determinants were far more important than maternal ones, and the effects were more apparent at higher predator densities. Keeping predator densities constant, daily nest survival rates increased with nest conspicuousness and increasing tree density, and were higher in undrained areas. While there was no difference between adults and juveniles, hens that invested more in egg size were more successful. Therefore, environmental factors and, to a lesser extent, maternal properties, indirectly affect nesting success especially when predator density is high. Modern forestry practices such as clear cutting and drainage are commonly linked to increased densities of predators such as foxes. Our results suggest that the nesting success of black grouse may further be indirectly affected by the same practices, the overall impact being a balance between the negative (e.g. drainage, clear-cutting) and the positive (reforestation, producing dense young forest stands) effects.

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Survival of black grouseTetrao tetrixin the French Alps

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of climatic variation and reproductive trade‐offs vary by measure of reproductive effort in greater sage‐grouse

Effects of climatic variation and reproductive trade‐offs vary by measure of reproductive effort in greater sage‐grouse

The winter roosting and diet of Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix in the north-western Italian Alps

Individual and Environmental Determinants of Daily Black Grouse Nest Survival Rates at Variable Predator Densities

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