Survival and Growth of Shelterbelt Trees at Three Spacings

Cram, W. H.; Morgan, G. A.

doi:10.5558/tfc37187-3

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“…Narrow initial spacings in multiplerow plantings result in early crown closure and the elimination of the need for cultivation at an early age (Yeager 1921, Bates 1944, Ware 1936, Ross 1939), but require thinning later (Deters and Schmitz 1936, Emerson 1940, and Bates 1944. Wide initial spacings make for easier cultivation, less competition for space and soil moisture (Isaac 1941, Rockwell 1943 and higher survival, but result in slightly less height growth (Randel 1959) and failure to produce a closed canopy (Cram and Morgan 1961). Nagle and Steffen (1953) reported that spacing is not a factor until the trees begin to compete for moisture and light.…”

Section: Past Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conifers for single-row field windbreaks /

Haverbeke¹

1977

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cultural treatments leading to maximum early and sustained effectiveness appear to be: a. Ponderosa pine spaced at 4 feet and thinned to 8 feet after 10 years. b. Ponderosa pine and eastern redcedar planted alternately in pairs at 6 feet, and thinned to alternate 12-foot interval after 10 years. c. Scots pine planted at 6 feet and thinned to an alternate 12-foot interval after 15 years. d. Scots pine and eastern redcedar planted alternately at 8 feet and left unthinned. e. Eastern redcedar planted at 4 feet and left unthinned, or thinned to 8-foot interval at age 10, or planted at 6 feet and left unthinned.2. Trees grow significantly taller, and become satisfactory windbarriers sooner, at 4-foot spac-ings than at 6-or 8-foot spacings. Pine will require thinning at the 4-foot spacing to maintain effectiveness.3. The order of species desirability for windbreaks is eastern redcedar, Scots pine, and ponderosa pine.4. Tree rows containing ponderosa pine only will be significantly shorter than rows containing combinations of ponderosa pine and eastern redcedar. The latter combination will be significantly shorter than rows containing Scots pine and eastern redcedar, all eastern redcedar, or all Scots pine.5. Unfenced windbreaks will be damaged by livestock turned into the fields in the fall to glean unharvested grain; this damage will increase each year.6. Fertilization of single-row conifer windbreaks, planted on previously and currently fertilized soils, does not appear to be necessary during the establishment period.

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Section: Past Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conifers for single-row field windbreaks /

Haverbeke¹

1977

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Survival and Growth of Shelterbelt Trees at Three Spacings

Abstract: Seedlings of Caragana arborescens

Cited by 1 publication

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Conifers for single-row field windbreaks /

Conifers for single-row field windbreaks /

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