Survival and growth of Australian snapper, Pagrus auratus, in saline groundwater from inland New South Wales, Australia

Fielder, D. Stewart; Bardsley, William J; Allan, Geoff L.

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(01)00555-5

Cited by 81 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Within 20 h of transfer, juvenile snapper exhibited symptoms typical of those reported for K + deficiency [11,29] and several fish died before the experiment was terminated. Our observations are reflective of reports on teleosts where K + had been accidently omitted from artificial seawater [29] and mirror those reported by Fielder et al [5]. Our results are consistent with studies on other euryhaline species such as mulloway [3] and Barramundi reared in KDSGW [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In some areas such as the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), this problem is ameliorated by large interception schemes which pump saline groundwater from subterranean aquifers into evaporation basins [2]. The potential use of interception schemes for mariculture is considerable [1,[4][5][6][7][8], but in many cases this use is limited by sub-optimal ionic composition [2,9]. The ionic composition of groundwater following evaporation can also vary considerably depending on local geology, climate, and surface management [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ionic composition of groundwater following evaporation can also vary considerably depending on local geology, climate, and surface management [10]. Irrespective of these factors, the majority of saline groundwater sources in Australia are deficient in K + , compared with seawater [1,2,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These responses indicate a clear dependency on K + for regulating body fluid homeostasis and salt secretion, see [13,16,[32][33][34][35]. Fielder [5], Partridge and Creeper [28], and Doroudi et al [3] have already demonstrated that morbidity and mortality of euryhaline/marine species such as snapper, Barramundi Lates calcarifer, and mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus reared in KDSGW can be overcome by the direct addition of KCl to the water, achieving near optimal growth when the [K + ] of water was elevated above 60% the concentration of equivalent salinity seawater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fortification of an Aquafeed with Potassium Chloride Does Not Improve Survival of Juvenile Australian Snapper Pagrus auratus Reared in Potassium Deficient Saline Groundwater

Booth¹,

Fielder²

2016

Fishes

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This study was done to determine if fortification of a commercial aquafeed with KCl could improve the survival of juvenile Australian snapper Pagrus auratus reared in K + deficient saline groundwater (KDSGW; <5 mg K + L −1 ). Experiment 1 (Exp. 1) tested whether feeding an aquafeed fortified with zero, 25, or 50 g KCl kg −1 for 6 days affected feed intake and survival of fish transferred immediately from estuarine water to KDSGW of the equivalent salinity (20 g·L −1 ). Experiment 2 (Exp. 2) investigated whether an aquafeed fortified with zero, 10, or 25 g KCl kg −1 affected survival, feed intake, and growth rate (SGR) of snapper reared in KDSGW fortified to have 40% or 100% the [K + ] of equivalent salinity estuarine water (20 g·L −1 ). The results of Exp. 1 demonstrated there was no benefit of fortifying aquafeed with KCl; fish transferred into KDSGW stopped feeding and developed symptoms akin to tetany. Some individuals also died and others became moribund. Exp. 1 was terminated according to animal care and ethics guidelines. The results of Exp. 2 indicated the amount of KCl added to the aquafeed did not affect survival, feed intake, or food conversion ratio (FCR) of snapper, irrespective of water treatment. However, SGR and FCR was better when fish were reared in normal estuarine water and KDSGW fortified to have 100% the [K + ] of equivalent salinity estuarine water. Our results demonstrated that juvenile snapper were unable to utilize the KCl added to the aquafeed and were probably reliant on sequestering K + ions from the water column in order to maintain functions involving hydromineral homeostasis. Fortification of aquafeeds with KCl does not ameliorate the negative effects of KDSWG on the survival of juvenile snapper.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fortification of an Aquafeed with Potassium Chloride Does Not Improve Survival of Juvenile Australian Snapper Pagrus auratus Reared in Potassium Deficient Saline Groundwater

Booth¹,

Fielder²

2016

Fishes

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“…The deficiency of potassium in inland saline groundwater restricts its use for mariculture (Forsberg et al, 1996;Fielder et al, 2001;Shakeeb-Ur-Rahman et al, 2005). The effects of this deficiency on juvenile barramundi have been described (Partridge and Creeper, 2004;Jain et al, 2006;, however, the effect on larvae is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval rearing of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) in saline groundwater

2008

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Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) larvae were reared from 2 to 25 days post hatch in 14‰ saline groundwater with either no potassium supplementation (38% K-equivalence) or full potassium supplementation (100% K-equivalence). Growth, survival and swimbladder inflation of these larvae were compared against those grown in control treatments of seawater (32‰) and seawater diluted to 14‰. Those reared in saline groundwater with 38% K-equivalence exhibited complete mortality within 2 days, while those held in groundwater with full supplementation survived at a rate equal to both control treatments (pooled average 51.1 ± 0.5%). At 25 days post hatch, there was no significant difference in larval length or dry weight between those grown in the 14‰ control treatment and those in the saline groundwater with full potassium supplementation. There were no significant differences in swim bladder inflation between any of the surviving treatments (average 93.3 ± 2.5%). This is the first description of rearing barramundi larvae both in low salinity seawater and in saline groundwater and demonstrates that the requirement for potassium by larval barramundi is higher than for juveniles of the same species.

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