“…More than 30 years later, the neurosurgical field has expanded to the point that there is an increasing need of testing tools standardized for clinical practice, as well as an increasingly fine-grained analysis of intraoperative responses in the light of current cognitive models. Examples of this increased interest are the numerous studies regarding the neural substrates of many cognitive functions (e.g., Duffau, 2015; Giussani, Roux, Lubrano, Gaini, & Bello, 2007; Mandonnet, 2017; Zanin et al, 2017), descriptions of common practices among expert centres (Mandonnet, Wager, et al, 2017; Rofes, Mandonnet, et al, 2017), discussions of advantages and disadvantages of intraoperative tasks (e.g., Rofes & Miceli, 2014; Rofes, Spena, et al, 2015), the standardization of batteries of tasks to assess patients at different surgical stages (e.g., De Witte et al, 2015; Połczyńska, 2009), ethical considerations (Chiong, Leonard, & Chang, 2017), as well as the advent of neuro-anatomically specified models of language processing (e.g., Bohland & Guenther, 2006; Chang, Raygor, & Berger, 2015; Duffau, 2015; Duffau, Moritz-Gasser, & Mandonnet, 2014; Fernández-Coello et al, 2013; Hickok & Poeppel, 2004; Indefrey & Levelt, 2000; Mandonnet, 2017; Tourville & Guenther, 2011).…”