Survey of systemic antimicrobial prescribing for dogs by Victorian veterinarians

Barzelai, ID; Whittem, Ted

doi:10.1111/avj.12637

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This contrasts to regional-specific guidelines (AIDAP) for amoxicillin or AMC 9. In a recent survey of antimicrobial prescribing habits of veterinarians within our region, amoxicillin and AMC were the most routinely prescribed empirical antimicrobial for canine UTIs at 10% and 71%, respectively 23. These two antimicrobials had the highest level of resistance towards E. coli in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Prevalence of bacteria and changes in trends in antimicrobial resistance ofEscherichia coliisolated from positive canine urinary samples from an Australian referral hospital over a 5‐year period (2013–2017)

Roberts¹,

White²,

Lam³

2019

Veterinary Record Open

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Lower urinary tract disease is common in dogs with approximately 14% developing a bacterial lower urinary tract infection (UTI) during their lifetime. Empirical antimicrobials are often prescribed while waiting urine culture and susceptibility results. Regional knowledge of bacterial prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns aids veterinarians in antimicrobial choice. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of uropathogens in canine urine tract isolates and to assess for changes in antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) over a 5-year study period at a large multidisciplinary private referral hospital in Australia (January 2013–December 2017). The proportion of resistant isolates was compared across 5 years (Fisher’s exact test and Cochran Armitage test for trend) for select antimicrobials towards E. coli. A total of 246 positive urine cultures were included. E. coli was the most prevalent uropathogen at 64%, followed by Proteus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Enterococcus sp., respectively (9%, 8% and 7%). E. coli was most commonly resistant to amoxicillin at 41%. There was no statistically significant difference, nor trend, in resistance of E. coli isolates towards the selected antimicrobials over the 5 years. Resistance towards trimethoprim–sulfonamide was lower at 15%. This information will aid local veterinarians in selecting empirical antimicrobials pending culture results for the treatment of UTIs in dogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Prevalence of bacteria and changes in trends in antimicrobial resistance ofEscherichia coliisolated from positive canine urinary samples from an Australian referral hospital over a 5‐year period (2013–2017)

Roberts¹,

White²,

Lam³

2019

Veterinary Record Open

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“…Treatment of acute diarrhea in dogs is another condition where antimicrobial use is often excessive [ 5 ]. One survey in the United Kingdom [ 9 ] and another in Australia [ 10 ] found that 71% and 32% of veterinarians, respectively, prescribed antimicrobials for non-complicated gastroenteritis cases before resorting to other more recommended options, such as nutritional management and deworming, and/or probiotics, with or without antidiarrheal agents. Because most potentially enteropathogenic bacteria are also isolated from clinically healthy dogs, the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) expert group recommendation is to only use supportive therapy [ 5 ] and avoid using antimicrobials for uncomplicated cases of acute diarrhea (even hemorrhagic).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Prescribing Practices in Dogs and Cats by Colombian Veterinarians in the City of Medellin

Gómez-Beltrán

Schaeffer

Ferguson

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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This study surveyed the prescribing behavior of Colombian companion animal veterinarians and compared the responses to the current guidelines of the International Society for Companion Animals on Infectious Diseases (ISCAID). A convenience sample of 100 primary-care veterinary practitioners was selected from the city of Medellin. A questionnaire was designed to present hypothetical clinical scenarios regarding prescription choices for systemic antimicrobials. The numbers of veterinarians empirically prescribing a course of systemic antimicrobials for each scenario were—perioperative elective surgeries (86%), superficial pyoderma (90%), lower urinary tract disease (52%), acute hemorrhagic diarrhea (50%), and kennel cough (46%). For urinary tract disease, cultures and susceptibility testing were only performed by half of the respondents, suggesting lower diagnostic standards. In superficial pyoderma cases, cytology was performed in the following percent of cases—0% (24), 20% (30), 40% (17), 60% (11), 80% (8), and 100% (10). Antimicrobials were over-prescribed relative to emerging standard for elective surgeries (86%), kennel cough (46%), and acute hemorrhagic diarrhea (50%). Critically important antimicrobials, such as fluoroquinolones, were applied commonly for superficial pyoderma (18%), kennel cough (12%), and lower urinary tract disease in dogs (20%) and cats (26%). In conclusion, antimicrobial prescribing behavior was inconsistent with current guidelines, and antimicrobial use could be improved by appropriate diagnostic steps allowing choice of an optimal antimicrobial drug. Overall, we documented the widespread use of antimicrobials for the treatment of these four common disease conditions.

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“…This finding is consistent with results of previous reports. [37][38][39] In a study from Denmark, even when looking only at the subgroup of guideline-users (a group of veterinarians expected to be interested in prudent antimicrobial use), only 39% stated to frequently perform culture and sensitivity testing before treating a UTI. 11 The same study found the main barriers for veterinarians to perform culture and sensitivity testing to be good experiences with empiric treatments and owners' financial concerns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of antimicrobial stewardship on antimicrobial prescriptions for selected diseases of dogs in Switzerland

Lehner

Hubbuch

Schmitt

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are important tools to foster prudent antimicrobial use. Objective: To evaluate antimicrobial prescriptions by Swiss veterinarians before and after introduction of the online ASP AntibioticScout.ch in December 2016. Animals: Dogs presented to 2 university hospitals and 14 private practices in 2016 or 2018 for acute diarrhea (AD; n = 779), urinary tract infection (UTI; n = 505), respiratory tract infection (RTI; n = 580), or wound infection (WI; n = 341). Methods: Retrospective study. Prescriptions of antimicrobials in 2016 and 2018 were compared and their appropriateness assessed by a justification score. Results: The proportion of dogs prescribed antimicrobials decreased significantly between 2016 and 2018 (74% vs 59%; P < .001). The proportion of prescriptions in complete agreement with guidelines increased significantly (48% vs 60%; P < .001) and those in complete disagreement significantly decreased (38% vs 24%; P < .001) during this time. Antimicrobial prescriptions for dogs with AD were significantly correlated with the presence of hemorrhagic diarrhea in both years, but a significantly lower proportion of dogs with hemorrhagic diarrhea were unnecessarily prescribed antimicrobials in 2018 (65% vs 36%; P < .001). In private practices, in 2018 a bacterial etiology of UTI was confirmed in 16% of dogs. Prescriptions for fluoroquinolones significantly decreased (29% vs 14%; P = .002). Prescriptions for antimicrobials decreased significantly in private practices for RTI (54% vs 31%; P < .001).

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Survey of systemic antimicrobial prescribing for dogs by Victorian veterinarians

Abstract: Antimicrobial drug selection for treatment of dogs by registered veterinarians in Victoria was generally consistent with recent recommendations, although some details were widely variable.

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Prevalence of bacteria and changes in trends in antimicrobial resistance ofEscherichia coliisolated from positive canine urinary samples from an Australian referral hospital over a 5‐year period (2013–2017)

Prevalence of bacteria and changes in trends in antimicrobial resistance ofEscherichia coliisolated from positive canine urinary samples from an Australian referral hospital over a 5‐year period (2013–2017)

Antimicrobial Prescribing Practices in Dogs and Cats by Colombian Veterinarians in the City of Medellin

Effect of antimicrobial stewardship on antimicrobial prescriptions for selected diseases of dogs in Switzerland

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