Prevalence of bacteria and changes in trends in antimicrobial resistance ofEscherichia coliisolated from positive canine urinary samples from an Australian referral hospital over a 5‐year period (2013–2017)

Abstract

Lower urinary tract disease is common in dogs with approximately 14% developing a bacterial lower urinary tract infection (UTI) during their lifetime. Empirical antimicrobials are often prescribed while waiting urine culture and susceptibility results. Regional knowledge of bacterial prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns aids veterinarians in antimicrobial choice. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of uropathogens in canine urine tract isolates and to assess for changes in antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) over a 5-year study period at a large multidisciplinary private referral hospital in Australia (January 2013–December 2017). The proportion of resistant isolates was compared across 5 years (Fisher’s exact test and Cochran Armitage test for trend) for select antimicrobials towards E. coli. A total of 246 positive urine cultures were included. E. coli was the most prevalent uropathogen at 64%, followed by Proteus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Enterococcus sp., respectively (9%, 8% and 7%). E. coli was most commonly resistant to amoxicillin at 41%. There was no statistically significant difference, nor trend, in resistance of E. coli isolates towards the selected antimicrobials over the 5 years. Resistance towards trimethoprim–sulfonamide was lower at 15%. This information will aid local veterinarians in selecting empirical antimicrobials pending culture results for the treatment of UTIs in dogs.

Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacterial Isolates from Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory in Colombia from 2016–2019

“…(the latter in the Enterobacteriaceae family), Enterococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Streptococcus spp. [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. The prevalence of resistance in E. coli was high (20–50%) to 11 antimicrobials, with only amikacin and florfenicol showing no resistance.…”

Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant and/or Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Enterobacterales Associated with Canine and Feline Urogenital Infections

“…Based on the published surveys [19,[26][27][28], the use of critically important antimicrobials (amongst them 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones) is cited as being frequently prescribed for dogs and cats in a number of countries including Belgium, Spain, France, the United Kingdom and Germany. Carbapenems are mostly prescribed in complicated cases (MDR infections) based on results of susceptibility testing and treatment durations are longer than typically recommended in human medicine [26].…”

“…Antibiotics are in addition to the uptake of sufficient water essential for the treatment of UGIs [2]. Unfortunately, therapy of UGIs is known to be initiated by the empirical selection of antibiotic agents before microbiological examinations are completed [6,[18][19][20]. For the selection of antibiotics, recommendations made by competent institutions and bodies should be followed.…”

The Complex Diseases of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in Canines: Where to Next?

“…Urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly those caused by bacteria, are another common diagnosis within small veterinary practices, with approximately 14% of dogs contracting a UTI within their lifetime [ 44 , 45 ]. Numerous bacteria species have been isolated previously from canine UTI cases, including Enterococcus spp., Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp.…”

“…Numerous bacteria species have been isolated previously from canine UTI cases, including Enterococcus spp., Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp., with Escherichia coli identified as the most common uropathogen, isolated from up to 51% of canine UTIs [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. More recently, S. pseudintermedius has been shown as the most common Staphylococcal spp.…”