Survey of Malassezia sp and dermatophytes in the cutaneous microbiome of free‐ranging golden‐headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas ‐ Kuhl, 1820)

Abstract

Results suggested that lipodependent Malassezia is part of the skin microbiome of these animals. The prevalence of dermatophytes was too low and probably not relevant for the health of the studied population.

Tinea corporis by Microsporum audouinii in a female chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) from Guinea‐Bissau: A case report

“…Other dermatophytes species have already been related with this disease in primates, including M. canis in Alouatta guariba and Sapajus libidinosus and Microsporum cookie in Leontopithecus chrysomelas. [3][4][5] In spite of being an anthropophilic dermatophyte, M. audoui nii can also be isolated from soil and animals. 20 particularly susceptible to dermatophyte infection, as their immune status is not fully developed.…”

“…Although no characteristic lesions were observed in the children and adults contacting with the animal, they could be asymptomatic carriers and a source of infection for other humans and animals, confirming the importance of these fungal species to Public Health. 1,5,13,20 Also, dermatophyte conidia can persist in the environment for long periods of time also increases the probability for indirect transmission. 2,3 Dermatophytosis is usually self-limiting in immunocompetent animals, but effective therapeutic measures are important to reduce disease time course, to control dissemination, and to avoid environmental contamination.…”

“…Dermatophytosis, Ringworm or Tinea , are contagious superficial mycoses of the hair, skin, and nails affecting a wide range of mammals, including humans and primates . This disease is characterized by localized, generalized, or multifocal circular alopecia lesions with erythema and squamosis, usually non‐pruriginous, being of major importance to veterinary medicine due to its rapid dissemination between animals. They are difficult to control and require long and costly treatments, representing relevant zoonosis, especially for populations contacting with captive infected animals .…”

“…Dermatophytosis is promoted by zoophilic, anthropophilic or geophilic filamentous keratinophilic fungi, including Microsporum , Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton . In primates, most frequent species are Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. simii, which prevalence and pathogenic profile are in constant evolution due to climate and natural reservoirs variations, globalization, migration, tourism, animal habitat changes, fungal species evolution, and therapeutic improvements .…”

“…1,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Dermatophytosis is promoted by zoophilic, anthropophilic or geophilic filamentous keratinophilic fungi, including Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. 2,5,10,[13][14][15] In primates, most frequent species are Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. simii, 3,16 which prevalence and pathogenic profile are in constant evolution due to climate and natural reservoirs variations, globalization, migration, tourism, animal habitat changes, fungal species evolution, and therapeutic improvements. 1,2,6,7,9,10,[12][13][14][15] For example, Microsporum audouinii is an emergent anthropophilic specie rarely isolated from animals, in spite of being related with human infections in several African countries, including Congo,…”