Survey of collaborative mental health providers in cystic fibrosis centers in the United States

Psychotropic medication use trends in a large pediatric and young adult solid organ transplant population

“…In pediatric populations, psychotropic medications for depression, anxiety, and ADHD are often prescribed by PCPs due to significant workforce shortages in child and adolescent psychiatry . However, most youths with chronic illness identify their subspecialists as their primary care clinicians and may not even see their PCPs for years . Thus, deferring depression and anxiety assessment and treatment to PCPs risks leaving these prevalent conditions in transplant populations inadequately managed, with untreated or undertreated depression following transplant having been shown to be a major risk factor for earlier death in adult transplant populations .…”

“…[28][29][30] However, most youths with chronic illness identify their subspecialists as their primary care clinicians and may not even see their PCPs for years. 6,9,31,32 Thus, deferring depression and anxiety assessment and treatment to PCPs risks leaving these prevalent conditions in transplant populations inadequately managed, with untreated or undertreated depression following transplant having been shown to be a major risk factor for earlier death in adult transplant populations. 26 The American Academy of Pediatrics reiterated guidelines to screen adolescents for depression annually, but transplant teams should not rely on PCPs to screen for and treat depression, anxiety, and ADHD as previous guidelines and reiterations in the past decade have not resulted in improved practices.…”

“…These CF centers have internationally adopted routine psychological screening and treatment algorithms that include evidenced‐based psychotherapy and/or psychotropic medication. TIDES revealed 10% of these youth with anxiety and depression were on psychotropics, however, only 25% of centers reported to be using psychotropic medications, and only 6% of centers having integrated psychiatrists on their treatment teams . These psychotropic medication utilization rates and psychiatrist ratio data are lower than the general youth population, as recent studies reported 1‐year prevalence of psychotropic prescription rates in youth with psychiatric illness in the United States to be 14.2% …”

“…TIDES revealed 10% of these youth with anxiety and depression were on psychotropics, however, only 25% of centers reported to be using psychotropic medications, and only 6% of centers having integrated psychiatrists on their treatment teams. 9 These psychotropic medication utilization rates and psychiatrist ratio data are lower than the general youth population, as recent studies reported 1-year prevalence of psychotropic prescription rates in youth with psychiatric illness in the United States to be 14.2%. 10,11 Psychotropic medication usage in seriously ill children warrants careful consideration.…”

Bubbling and foaming assisted clearing of mucin plugs in microfluidic Y-junctions

“…Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease caused by improperly operating cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) which reduces human life expectancy to $ 38 years (Garcia et al, 2015). The problem is genetic in nature stemming from CFTR mutations which prevent proper regulation of Cl À ions, and hence water, across apical membranes thereby thickening the mucus lining of inner lung passages (Zabner et al, 1998).…”