“…Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone, is an effective antimalarial drug, active against some cancers, hepatitis B, and schistosomiasis (Efferth, 2009) and produced in glandular trichomes of some Artemisia species, e.g., A. afftangutica, A. absinthium, A. bushriences, A. cina, A. dracunculus, A. dubia, A. indica, A. japonica, A. moorcroftiana, A. parviflora, A. roxburghiana, A. sieberi, A. vulgaris, A. campestris, A. diffusa, A. scoparia, A. sieberi, A. deserti, A. marschalliana, and A. persica (Arab et al, 2006;Hsu, 2006;Zia et al, 2007;Mannan et al, 2010;Ranjbar et al, 2015;Salehi et al, 2018). DBR2 (artemisinic aldehyde Δ11(13) reductase) was reported as a limiting factor of artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia species (Salehi et al, 2018).…”