Surveillance of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in Taiwan, 2002–2003

Abstract

A total of 522 Streptococcus pneumoniae invasive isolates from diverse sources were collected from January 2002 to December 2003 in Taiwan in order to understand the serotype distribution of invasive isolates in Taiwan. The most frequently isolated serotypes of S. pneumoniae were types 14 (18?4 %), 23F (15?1 %), 3 (13?8 %), 19F (13?4 %), 6B (8?2 %), 9V (3?6 %) and 4 (2?5 %). The majority of cases were either under 5 years of age (24?1 %) or older than 65 years (36?6 %). Serotype distribution in adults aged over 14 years and children aged under 2 years was similar, except for that of type 3, which was more prevalent in adults. Penicillin-non-susceptible strains accounted for 67?7 % of all strains and were the predominant strains of serotypes 23F, 19F, 6B and 14. Most strains were susceptible to cephem drug, 85?7 % of isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime and 92?9 % were susceptible to ceftriaxone. A total of 72?6 % (379/522) of the isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics. The 23-valent vaccine in the current commercial market would cover 87?2 % of the serotypes and 100 % of the penicillin-non-susceptible serotypes of S. pneumoniae in Taiwan. The coverage of 7-and 11-valent protein conjugate vaccines of the serotypes in children under 2 years of age would be 78?8 and 86?5 %, respectively. These results will help to assess the adequacy of the vaccine formulations marketed in Taiwan.

Changing trends in antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Taiwan, 2006–2007

“…12,27 The most prevalent serotypes of invasive isolates also were attributed to these serotypes. 10,27 Therefore, the diversity of resistance patterns is limited.…”

Pneumococcal disease and use of pneumococcal vaccines in Taiwan

“…Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (TCDC) has implemented or participated in IPD surveillance projects since 2001 [ 28 40 41 ]. Health care facilities were encouraged to submit the clinical information of IPD cases and pneumococcal isolates to TCDC during the surveillance periods.…”

“…Fung had reported that 41.3%, 45.8%, and 63.3% of 550 clinical pneumococcal isolates were covered by PCV7, PCV13, and PPV23 in 1996-1997, respectively, when the pneumococcal vaccine has not been licensed in Taiwan [ 42 ]. Between 2001, when the PPV23 was introduced to the private sector in Taiwan, and 2005, when the PCV7 was introduced to the private sector in Taiwan, the surveillance reports showed a high coverage for PCV7, PCV13, and PPV23, except for Chen et al's report [ 41 ] which showed the coverage rate was 63.0% for PCV7 and 87.2% for PPV23 [ 43 44 45 46 ]. Most of the leading serotypes during this period were covered by the PCV7.…”

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Taiwan: A Transmission Dynamic Modeling Approach

“…A recent study found that 80.7% of SP isolates from Taiwanese children younger than 14 years were penicillin resistant. Despite the implementation of stringent antibiotic-prescribing protocols, Taiwan has one of the highest rates of antibiotic-resistant SP in the world [5].…”