Survei Status Gizi Dan Perkembangan Anak Balita Menggunakan Kuesioner Praskrining Perkembangan (Kpsp)

Abstract

AbstrakBanyak anak usia 1-5 tahun terancam mengalami gangguan perkembangan karena keterbatasan ekonomi dan kondisi gizi yang tidak optimal. Kegiatan survei perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat tumbuh kembang anak, agar dapat melakukan tindakan perbaikan yang tepat bila ditemukan penyimpangan. Penelitian ini merupakan survei analitik. Jumlah sampel adalah 79 anak, berusia 1-5 tahun dan mendapat kesediaan orang tua untuk menjadi subjek penelitian. Pengukuran anthropometri berat badan dan tinggi badan serta observasi perkembangan dengan KPSP dilakukan pada setiap subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 12% anak kurus/sangat kurus, 26% anak gizi kurang/gizi buruk, 38% anak pendek/sangat pendek, dan 10% anak mengalami penyimpangan perkembangan serta 33% memiliki perkembangan meragukan. Disimpulkan bahwa pada penelitian ini, proporsi anak kurang gizi tergolong tinggi.Kata kunci: anak usia 1-5 tahun, KPSP, perkembangan anak, status gizi SURVEY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN BY USING A PRESCREENING DEVELOPMENTAL QUESTIONNAIRE (KPSP) AbstractMany children of 1-5 years old have a high risk of poor development due to socio-economic factors and malnutrition. An analytic survey was conducted to identify the level of nutritional and developmental status. A total of seventy-nine children 1-5 years old was observed to measure weight and stature/length of the body and to assess developmental status using a prescreening developmental questionnaire (KPSP) instrument. The informed consent from the parents were obtained in this study. This study found out its proportion which was 12 percent of moderate-severe wasted children, 26 percent of moderate-severe underweight children, 38 percent of moderate-severe stunted children, 10 percent of children with developmental disorder, and 33 percent of children with suspected developmental disorder. Based on the finding, there was the high proportion of malnutrition.

The Association Between Nutritional Status and Risk of Developmental Disorder in Children in Denpasar Bali Indonesia

“…Childhood is a critical period in growth and development and is the key stage in the formation of their physical and mental abilities [3], [4]. During this stage, physical growth and brain development that are important for learning, intelligence, motor skills, speech and language, as well as social and independence, occurs rapidly [5], [6].…”

“…This instrument has a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 99% compared to the Capute scale as the gold standard [9]. Several factors can affect the development of children in developing countries such as poverty, malnutrition, screen time, physical activity, poor sanitation, and lack of stimulation from the environment [6], [10]. Malnutrition which includes undernutrition and overnutrition is caused by inadequate nutritional intake to meet children's basic needs.…”