Surplus dietary isoleucine intake enhanced monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis and fat accumulation in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs

Luo, Yanhong; Zhang, Xin; Zhu, Zhengpeng; Jiao, Ning; Qiu, Kai; Yin, Jingdong

doi:10.1186/s40104-018-0306-5

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Feeding high fat diets with the inclusion of BCAA to rodents reduces obesity and hepatocyte fat deposition [8]. In finishing pigs, isoleucine supplementation increase lipogenesis in intramuscular fat [9]. Furthermore, BCAAs play functional roles in the female animal during lactation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branched chain amino acids alter fatty acid profile in colostrum of sows fed a high fat diet

Liu

et al. 2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background: Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are important substrates for milk protein synthesis in the mammary gland, and are tightly related to lipid metabolism. No study has been performed examining the role of BCAAs with high fat diets on milk fat synthesis. This study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary BCAAs on growth performance of piglets, progeny body weight, and milk fat composition in sows fed a high fat diet. Four diets (CON = control diet; HF = high fat diet with 8% soybean oil; HF-MB=HF plus 0.39% BCAAs; HF-HB=HF plus 0.78% BCAAs) were fed to sows from late gestation to weaning. Results: Compared to HF, BCAAs (HF-MB and HF-HB) increased the litter weight (P < 0.05) and overall litter weight gain (P < 0.05) at weaning and increased colostrum fat content by 27.3-35.8% (P < 0.01). Fatty acid profiles between the two doses of BCAAs were similar. Compared with HF, HF-MB tended to decrease the percentage of C18:3n3 (P = 0.063) and increased the percentage of C18:1n9c (P = 0.03). In addition, BCAAs in HF-MB increased the concentration of total fatty acid by 22.1% in colostrum (P = 0.03) but decreased that in serum at parturition by 53.2% (P = 0.027). The fatty acids in colostrum that increased with BCAAs were C15:

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branched chain amino acids alter fatty acid profile in colostrum of sows fed a high fat diet

Liu

et al. 2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Recently, it was demonstrated that surplus dietary Ile, one of BCAAs, increased the IMF content in skeletal muscle via the upregulation of lipogenic genes by stimulating lipogenesis in skeletal muscle tissue of finishing pigs [ 19 ]. In the previous study, Luo et al clearly showed the effect of extra Ile in the diet on lipogenesis in the muscle tissue, serum cholesterol levels, and fatty acid composition without affecting growth performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous study, Luo et al clearly showed the effect of extra Ile in the diet on lipogenesis in the muscle tissue, serum cholesterol levels, and fatty acid composition without affecting growth performance. However, it is not possible to further discuss whether Ile (BCAA) intake into the muscle cells affected lipid synthesis due to the lack of Ile level in muscle tissue [ 19 ]. In contrast, it has been well known that BCAA are effective amino acids to regulate protein synthesis because of a greater increase in protein synthesis than degradation [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Metabolomics Profiles Identified by CE-TOFMS between High and Low Intramuscular Fat Amount in Fattening Pigs

et al. 2020

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The amount of intramuscular fat (IMF) present in the loin eye area is one of the most important characteristics of high-quality pork. IMF measurements are currently impractical without a labor-intensive process. Metabolomic profiling could be used as an IMF indicator to avoid this process; however, no studies have investigated their use during the fattening period of pigs. This study examined the metabolite profiles in the plasma of two groups of pigs derived from the same Duroc genetic line and fed the same diet. Five plasma samples were collected from each individual the day before slaughter. Capillary electrophoresis-time of flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS) was used to analyze the purified plasma from each sample. Principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) were used to find the semi-quantitative values of the compounds. The results indicate that branched-chain amino acids are significantly associated with high IMF content, while amino acids are associated with low IMF content. These differences were validated using the quantification analyses by high-performance liquid chromatograph, which supported our results. These results suggest that the concentration of branched-chain amino acids in plasma could be an indicative biomarker for the IMF content in the loin eye area.

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“…In recent years, the fatty acid composition of meat has been reported to be altered due to changes in target diets during the animal production cycle [7,25,26]. Therefore, the balance between fatty acid deposition and absorption could be indicated by the variations of fatty acid profile that is detected in skeletal muscle [22]. Fatty acid composition is also an important factor that determines the nutritional value and oxidative stability of muscle [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mRNA expression levels of target genes were calculated using the 2 −ΔΔCt method [21]. All PCR primers used in this study are listed in Table 2 [22,23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Alpha-Ketoglutarate in a Low-Protein Diet on Fatty Acid Composition and Lipid Metabolism Related Gene Expression in Muscles of Growing Pigs

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple SummaryAlpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a critical intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. AKG has been reported to participate in energy production, promote protein synthesis, and improve amino acid metabolism. However, whether AKG functionally participates in the regulation of fat metabolism remains unknown. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation with AKG on lipid metabolism in a pig model. The present results suggest that AKG supplementation in a reduced-protein diet could increase the intramuscular fat (IMF) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents in the biceps femoris muscles of pigs. These effects could be linked to the altered lipid metabolism related gene mRNA expression, which promotes the absorption and deposition of fatty acids in the muscle tissues. The results of this study can provide better understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary AKG modulates muscle lipid metabolism in pigs, and this could help to improve pig feeding strategies and supply high-quality pork for humans.AbstractThe aim of the current study was to investigate whether dietary supplementation with alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) in a reduced crude protein (CP) diet would affect fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism related gene expression in the muscles of growing pigs. A total of 27 Large White × Landrace growing pigs at 44 ± 1 d of age (11.96 ± 0.18 kg) were randomly allocated to three treatments (n = 9). Dietary treatments included: (1) normal protein diet with 20% crude protein (CP) (NP); (2) a low crude protein diet formulated to contain approximately 17% CP (LP); and (3) a low crude protein diet with 17% CP supplemented with 1% AKG at the expense of regular corn components (ALP). The experimental trial lasted 35 d. The results showed that compared with the NP and LP diets, supplementation with AKG in a low-protein diet increased the intramuscular fat (IMF), oleic acid (C18:1n-9), and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents (p < 0.05), and tended to increase the percentage of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and stearic acid (C18:0) (p < 0.10) in the biceps femoris and longissimus dorsi muscles of growing pigs. These effects may be associated with increased relative mRNA expression levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), adipocyte determination and differentiation factor 1 (ADD1), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in skeletal muscle, indicating that AKG might be involved in the differential regulation of some key lipogenic genes in skeletal muscles of pigs.

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Surplus dietary isoleucine intake enhanced monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis and fat accumulation in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Branched chain amino acids alter fatty acid profile in colostrum of sows fed a high fat diet

Branched chain amino acids alter fatty acid profile in colostrum of sows fed a high fat diet

Differential Metabolomics Profiles Identified by CE-TOFMS between High and Low Intramuscular Fat Amount in Fattening Pigs

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Alpha-Ketoglutarate in a Low-Protein Diet on Fatty Acid Composition and Lipid Metabolism Related Gene Expression in Muscles of Growing Pigs

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