Surgical Treatment of H-Type Tracheoesophageal Fistula Diagnosed in an Adult

Esophagus Associated Lung Diseases- A Retrospective Study

“…TEF due to benign causes are rare. Nonmalignant tracheo-esophageal fistula is caused by delayed presentation of congenital tracheoesophageal fistula [6] or presence of tracheoesophageal membrane which gets ruptured later on in life leading to tracheo-esophageal fistula [7] . It can be post traumatic due to foreign body ingestion, blunt or penetrating trauma, pressure changes during vomiting, endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy [8] [9] .…”

Management of concomitant congenital tracheo-oesophageal fistula and cancer of the oesophago–gastric junction in an adult

“…Presentation in the adulthood is rare and there have only been 16 such reported cases in the English literature [1]. Successful surgical treatments of congenital TOF in the adults using different approaches have been well described previously [1][2][3][4]. The concomitant presence of oesophageal carcinoma however has not been previously reported and presents a treatment dilemma as to whether a staged or simultaneous surgical treatment should be performed.…”

Isolated tracheoesophageal fistula in a 10-year-old girl

“…In most cases the signs and symptoms are already obvious in the first days of life and result in an early diagnosis and treatment [4,7]. However, as severity of signs and symptoms can vary from mild to very severe from one patient to another, and can also be intermittent, diagnosis is sometimes delayed even until adulthood [4,7,10]. Different diagnostic procedures have been discussed in the literature, but none of them is infallible and diagnosis is also sometimes delayed due to false-negative results [4].…”