Surgical nutrition

Evaluation of Carbohydrates in Parenteral Nutrition

“…Clark (1967) goes so far as to regard the changed metabolism 'as an entirely pathological process'. In all post operative cases, where nutritional disturbance is present before or after opera tion, an adequate complete intravenous nutrition should be given immediately in connection with the operation according to Wretlind (1972).…”

Metabolic- States in Relation to Surgery and Anesthesia

“…In the first 7 days after abdominal surgery, when the catabolic effect is detectable, a patient may lose between 60 and 80 gN, of which the major part is due to starvation and only 15-30 gN is attributable to operation. On a daily basis these losses amount to 16 gN or 0.23 gN/kg, which is only slightly in excess of the normal needs of 0.14-0.18 gN/kg (Clark 1967).…”

The effect of transfer to a warm environment (30° C.) on the metabolic response to injury

“…In well-nourished subjects there is almost inevitably a hypercatabolism of endogenous protein following fairly severe trauma (Cuthbertson, 1964;Clark, 1967). It was thus rather unexpected that keeping rats with burns (Caldwell, 1962) or with a fractured femur (Campbell and Cuthbertson, 1967) at an environmental temperature of 30° C. could largely prevent this metabolic response to injury.…”