Surgical Management of Extrafollicular Variant of Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor in the Maxillary Posterior Region

Abstract

Background. Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a relatively uncommon benign neoplasm of odontogenic epithelial origin, accounting for less than 5% of odontogenic tumors. Case Report. The reported case describes morphological characteristics, clinical course, radiographic and histopathological features, and surgical therapy of an extrafollicular variant of AOT in the maxillary posterior region. An asymptomatic swelling on the left side in the posterior region of the maxilla, gradually increased since approximately 12 months, developed in a 16-year-old Caucasian female patient. Radiographic images revealed a well-defined, unilocular radiolucency, with some small foci of radiopacity inside, and root resorption of the first and second molars. On the base of the histological examination of the specimen retrieved by incisional biopsy, the diagnosis of AOT was made, and the conservative surgical enucleation of the lesion was performed. Discussion. The present case was reported in agreement with an extensive review, in which it was recommended to discontinue reporting classic follicular cases because their clinicopathological profile was well-known, but to continue reporting well-documented cases of the extrafollicular variant, with indication of the exact position. Conclusion. The present case was reported in order to expand the knowledge about the clinical behavior and surgical treatment of the extrafollicular variant of AOT.

Organoids in Translational Oncology

“…Oral cancer is one of the most impacting oncological diseases; it can develop on oral and maxillofacial tissues [ 53 , 61 , 62 ]. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 2% of all oral tumors; nevertheless, it has a much higher proliferation rate than the other tumors affecting the oral cavity [ 63 ].…”

“…Further studies have reported that organoids from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) organoids can grow with a limited development in size and morphology. In more detail, MSCs and iPSCs can be differentiated using similar protocols [62], but iPSCs-derived organoids do not reproduce the exact morphology and histology observed in adult tissues: this means that iPSCs-derived organoids may not be able to properly reproduce physiology and pathological characteristics of primary tissues, thus representing an unreliable tissue model. This concept particularly applies to lung cancer, where the use of iPSCs cells, rather than MSCs directly harvested from cancer, would seem to be an issue that makes such tumoroids not useful in cancer research [75][76][77].…”