Surgical Anatomy of the Mandibular Ramus of the Facial Nerve Based on the Dissection of 100 Facial Halves

Dingman, Reed O.; Grabb, William C.

doi:10.1097/00006534-196203000-00005

Cited by 256 publications

(96 citation statements)

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“…Till recently all the studies on marginal mandibular nerve was done on cadaveric tissue where the tissues are contracted and relatively immobile [3]. Dingman and Grabb described the nerve in relation to the lower border of mandible [4]. In his finding when the course of the marginal mandibular nerve was posterior to the facial artery, it was found to pass over the lower border of the mandible in 81% of dissected cadavers and in 19% one or two branches were found to course up to 1 cm below the rami of the mandible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomic Variations of the Marginal Mandibular Nerve

Balagopal

George

Stolzmann

2012

Indian J Surg Oncol

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Marginal Mandibular Nerve (MMN) is a branch of the facial nerve. Muscles supplied by this nerve are responsible for facial symmetry, facial expressions and phonation. Aim was to study the branching pattern and variations in the position of marginal mandibular nerve. 202 patients who underwent neck dissection from June 2005 to October 2006 at Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India were included in the study. During the course of neck dissection, the marginal mandibular nerve was first identified around the point where the facial artery crossed the lower border of the mandible. Once the nerve was identified, it was traced both backwards and forward till the whole nerve was exposed. Position of the nerve and its relation to lower border of mandible at the point where the facial artery crossed the lower border of the mandible was noted and number and position of each branches were recorded. In 161of the 202 patients (79.7%) the MMN had a single division. Two branches were noted in 26 patients (12.9%). Three branches for MMN are not uncommon, it was noted in 14 patients (6.9%) and in one patient there were four branches. Every effort should be made to preserve all the branches of MMN to ensure cosmesis and decrease morbidity. The mean distance from the lower border of the mandible to the point where the marginal mandibular nerve crossed the facial artery for all the branches taken together was 1.73 mm below the mandible. In 49 patients there was communication between MMN and the cervical branch of facial nerve. The point where the facial artery crosses the lower border of the mandible is a reliable landmark to locate the MMN. Variation in the branching pattern of marginal mandibular nerve is very common.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomic Variations of the Marginal Mandibular Nerve

Balagopal

George

Stolzmann

2012

Indian J Surg Oncol

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“…No significant difference was found according to gender [11]. Additionally, Dingman and Grabb [6] noticed that the RV was located on the medial side of the mandibular branch of the FN in 98% (98/100) and lateral in 2% (2/100) of the specimens. The observed relationship between the RV and FN was classified in 6 types by Touré and Vacher [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Anatomic variability in the relation between the retromandibular vein and the facial nerve: a case report, literature review and classification

et al. 2013

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“…Locate the marginal mandibular branch using palpable reference points, reliable and easy to identify by clinical examination and surgical exploration. The number of branches Dingman and Grabb et al (1962) (1) described a single branch in 80% of 100 hemifaces of cadavers studied, two branches in 67% of cases, three branches in 9% of cases and four branches in 4% of cases. These results Concord with the study of Touré et al (2004) (6) carried out on 54 MMB, which found a single branch in 43% (12) joins the two previous studies and show that in 95% of 24 hemifaces studied the MMB had one or two branches.…”

Section: The Marking Triangle Of the Marginal Branch Of The Mandiblementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result is close to that of Potgieter (2005) (6) made on 36 hemifaces human cadavers of which 78% of cases, the MMB was below LBM Study of Karapinar et al (2013) (17) Also found that in the 44 hemifaces of anatomical subjects studied, the MMB was still under the LBM. Yet the results of Dingman (1962) (1) Describe only 19% of cases below the LBM. The results of our study concerning the position of the furthest MMB below LBM varied between 1.7 and 2.2 cm.…”

Section: Relation Of the Mmb With The Lower Border Of The Mandiblementioning

confidence: 99%

Triangle of Marginal Mandibular Branch (MMB): Anatomical Zone, Constant Reference of the MMB in Cervical Surgical Position

Ayoubi¹,

Laamarti²,

Ayoubi³

et al. 2017

IAM

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Summary: The purpose of this study is to reduce the search area of the marginal mandibular branch, this scarecrow nerve of the upper cervical surgery. Materials and methods: MMB dissection was applied to 25 anatomical subjects, who described an ABC Triangle where the MMB is still inside the cervical surgical position: A mandibular angle, B intersection of the MMB with the lower border of the mandible (LBM), C the position of the furthest MMB below the LBM. Results: This nerve is still depth of the superficial cervical fascia, and its division is constantly after the intersection with the facial vein (FV). The position of the MMB furthest from the LBM is found between 2 and 2.2 cm below the LBM and at 2/3 of the distance AX from the angle of the mandible angle to the intersection of the FV with the LBM. This distance AX represents the 2/3 of the distance AB from the angle of the mandible to the intersection of the MMB with the LBM and whose measurement is between 4 and 4.5 cm. Conclusion: This triangle ABC landmark of MMB provides reliable and constant anatomical markers allowing the surgeon locating or avoidance of MMB. Keywords: Triangle landmark of the marginal branch of the mandible

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Surgical Anatomy of the Mandibular Ramus of the Facial Nerve Based on the Dissection of 100 Facial Halves

Cited by 256 publications

References 0 publications

Anatomic Variations of the Marginal Mandibular Nerve

Anatomic Variations of the Marginal Mandibular Nerve

Anatomic variability in the relation between the retromandibular vein and the facial nerve: a case report, literature review and classification

Triangle of Marginal Mandibular Branch (MMB): Anatomical Zone, Constant Reference of the MMB in Cervical Surgical Position

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