Surfactant tuning of hydrophilicity of porous degradable copolymer scaffolds promotes cellular proliferation and enhances bone formation

Abstract

Poly(l-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (poly(LLA-co-CL)) has been blended with Tween 80 to tune the material properties and optimize cell-material interactions. Accordingly, the aims of this study were fourfold: to evaluate the effect of low concentrations of Tween 80 on the surface microstructure of 3D poly(LLA-co-CL) porous scaffolds: to determine the effect of different concentrations of Tween 80 on proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro under dynamic cell culture at 7 and 21 days; to assess the influence of Tween 80 on the degradation rate of poly(LLA-co-CL) at 7 and 21 days; and in a subcutaneous rat model, to evaluate the effect on bone formation of porous scaffolds modified with 3% Tween 80 at 2 and 8 weeks. Blending 3% (w/w) Tween 80 with poly(LLA-co-CL) improves the surface wettability (p < 0.001). Poly(LLA-co-CL)/3% Tween 80 shows significantly increased cellular proliferation at days 7 and 21 (p < 0.001). Moreover, the presence of Tween 80 facilitates the degradation of poly(LLA-co-CL). Two weeks post-implantation, the poly(LLA-co-CL)/3% Tween 80 scaffolds exhibit significant mRNA expression of Runx2 (p = 0.004). After 8 weeks, poly(LLA-co-CL)/3% Tween 80 scaffolds show significantly increased de novo bone formation, demonstrated by μ-CT (p = 0.0133) and confirmed histologically. It can be concluded that blending 3% (w/w) Tween 80 with poly (LLA-co-CL) improves the hydrophilicity and osteogenic potential of the scaffolds. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2049-2059, 2016.

Altered Surface Hydrophilicity on Copolymer Scaffolds Stimulate the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…The significant increase of RunX2 and OC indicated a promotion of osteogenic effect in the CL plus 3% Tween group. This was consistent with our previous in vivo experiments in rats [9]. After the modification with 3% Tween, both CL and DXO had similar properties of surface hydrophilicity and cell attachment, while the osteogenic differentiation had a different effect.…”

“…For the scaffolds, we assumed that 3D scaffolds had the same degree of hydrophilicity with corresponding film samples when they had similar compositions. Our previous experiments showed that 0.5% and 1% of Tween 80 had little effect on the hydrophilicity of the materials [9], as well as that the higher the concentration of Tween 80 was, the higher the hydrophilicity of the scaffold materials was [15]. When hydrophilicity is too high, it can also prevent cell adhesion, such as when polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used for coatings that prevent protein adsorption.…”

“…We applied different ratios of surfactant Polysorbate 80 (Tween ® 80) to improve the hydrophilicity of scaffolds. Though Tween 80 has the high ability to improve the hydrophilicity of polymer materials [9], it is not clear whether it would improve the surface properties of scaffolds for BTE.…”

“…In this study, different concentrations of Tween 80 were used as surfactants to tune the hydrophilicities of two copolymer scaffolds. Tween 80 is a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier that has been widely used as an additive in the food and pharmaceutical industries [9]. Its structure includes three hydrophilic polyethylene glycol side chains with 20 ethylene oxide units that make it suitable as a hydrophilic additive compound.…”

3D and Porous RGDC‐Functionalized Polyester‐Based Scaffolds as a Niche to Induce Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells

“…[22] The gene expression data is consistent with the previous data, which show that hBMSC are capable of osteoblastic differentiation in response to surface modification and the presence of osteogenic supplementation. [22,36,37] Runx2 and Col1 are early differentiation markers secreted by immature osteoblasts www.advancedsciencenews.com www.mbs-journal.de soon after the proliferative phase and serve as hallmarks for mineralization. [38] hBMSC cultured on fun.…”