Surface Wear Studies in Some Materials Using α-induced Reactions

Singh, Devendra P.; Sharma, Vijay R.; Yadav, Abhishek; Singh, Pushpendra P.; Unnati,; Sharma, Manjari; Bhardwaj, H. D.; Singh, B. P.; Prasad, R.

doi:10.15415/jnp.2013.11002

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Singh and co-workers [9] Tc and 123,124,126 I, respectively, using up to 400 nA α-particles. They suggest that the radioactive layers can be employed to study the wear rates of materials containing Cu, Co, Nb and Sb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurement of Seawater Flow-Induced Erosion Rates for Iron Surfaces using Thin Layer Activation Technique

Kambali

Suryanto

2016

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Abstract. The laboratory-scale erosion-corrosion testing facility at BATAN's Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical Technology (PTRR) in Serpong was employed to simulate flow-induced corrosion of iron surfaces. Surface loss rates were measured by a nuclear technique called thin layer activation (TLA) analysis. A 10-MeV proton beam generated from a typical CS-30 cyclotron was used to produce 56 Co radionuclide layers on iron surfaces via a 56Fe(p,n) 56 Co nuclear reaction. The labeled iron specimens were then exposed to circulating seawater simulated in BATAN's flow-induced corrosion test facility. The experimental results indicated that the TLA technique was able to measure a very low flow-induced erosion rate of 0.91±0.3 µm/hr. There was no significant difference in the measured surface loss rates between the remaining activity method and the concentration method. The iron surface loss in seawater was lower than that of the same material in HCl solution observed in earlier studies. Keywords:56 Co radionuclide; cyclotron; flow-induced corrosion; nuclear technique; thin layer activation (TLA). IntroductionThin layer activation (TLA) is a nuclear technique previously developed to help measure very low wear and erosion-corrosion rates of industrial components [1][2][3][4][5][6]. It involves target irradiation using a beam of charged particles such as protons, deuterons, He-3 and He-4 or neutrons to directly label the surface of interest (widely called a coupon) with a very thin layer containing radioactive isotopes (a few hundred µm thick). Following the target irradiation, the activated surface layer is exposed to a flowing corrosive fluid. This is eventually followed by measurement of its radioactivity ratio before and after erosion-corrosion takes place. The radioactivity loss is directly proportional to the surface loss and therefore its erosion-corrosion rate can be determined precisely [7]. In order to get information on the surface loss of the coupon specimen, a calibration curve, which represents the relationship between radioactivity ratio and surface loss, must first be prepared by means of either a stacked-foil or an abrasion method [8]. Also, theoretical calibration curves canSeawater Flow-Induced Erosion Rates for Iron using TLA 483 be calculated for a given projectile, beam current, energy, target geometry and irradiation time [8].Two methods have been developed to measure the radioactivity loss of a specimen/coupon, i.e. the remaining activity method and the concentration method. The remaining activity method measures the radioactivity left over in the coupon at a certain time during the erosion-corrosion process and then compares the radioactivity with a calibration curve prepared earlier to obtain the corresponding surface loss. On the other hand, the concentration method detects the specific radioactivity removed from the coupon's surface, after which the same procedures as in the first method are applied.Flow-induced corrosion (sometimes also called erosion-corrosion) of iron-based m...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurement of Seawater Flow-Induced Erosion Rates for Iron Surfaces using Thin Layer Activation Technique

Kambali

Suryanto

2016

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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“…Proton beams generated from cyclotrons have been widely employed to produce radionuclides relevant for medical applications [6][7][8] as well as materials studies [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence of ¹⁸F Production Yield and Radioactive Impurities on Proton Irradiation Dose

Kambali

Parwanto

Suryanto

et al. 2017

Physics Research International

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Radiation safety for patients during positron emission tomography (PET) procedures is affected by the amount of radioactive impurities generated during production of fluorine-18 (18F) radionuclide. In this investigation, the dependence of 18F production yield and radioactive impurities on proton irradiation dose is discussed. Enriched water (H2O18) target was bombarded perpendicularly by 11-MeV proton beams at various proton doses. Experimental results indicated that the 18F radioactivity yield and the amount of 56Co and Ag110m radioactive impurities depend strongly on the proton dose. In the proton dose range between 2 μAhr and 20 μAhr, the radioactive impurities increased with increasing proton dose. There was no significant difference in the radioactivity yield of both 56Co and Ag110m impurities at low proton dose between 2 and 10 μAhr. However a huge difference was recorded when the dose was increased above 10 μAhr. The experimental data can be used to predict the amount of impurities generated during 18F production at proton dose of higher than 20 μAhr.

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“…Several authors reported the competition of complete fusion (CF) and incomplete fusion (ICF) reactions at energies slightly above the Coulomb barrier [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], and a substantial ICF fraction has been observed at these energies. In general, the complete fusion (CF) process is considered to be the sole contributor to the total fusion cross section at low energies i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High quality data for ICF processes has been obtained and reported so far worldwide [1-8, 19, 20], and conclusively demonstrate the low energy ICF, but are limited only for a few projectile-target combinations. Therefore, for better understanding of ICF dynamics, several inclusive experiments at the Inter-University Accelerator e-mail: phy.vijayraj@gmail.com e-mail: bpsinghamu@gmail.com Center (IUAC), New Delhi, India were performed by our group [5,7,8,21,22]. Based on experimental findings an attempt has been made to correlate data with suitable set of physical parameters viz., (a) projectile energy, (b) mass-asymmetry of interacting partners (µ), (c) α-Q value, and (d) input values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of projectile on incomplete fusion reactions at low energies

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Present work deals with the experimental studies of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics at energies as low as ≈ 4 -7 MeV/A. Excitation functions populated via complete fusion and/or incomplete fusion processes in 12 C+ 175 Lu, and 13 C+ 169 Tm systems have been measured within the framework of PACE4 code. Data of excitation function measurements on comparison with different projectile-target combinations suggest the existence of ICF even at slightly above barrier energies where complete fusion (CF) is supposed to be the sole contributor, and further demonstrates strong projectile structure dependence of ICF. The incomplete fusion strength functions for 12 C+ 175 Lu, and 13 C+ 169 Tm systems are analyzed as a function of various physical parameters at a constant v rel ≈ 0.053c. It has been found that one neutron (1n) excess projectile 13 C (as compared to 12 C) results in less incomplete fusion contribution due to its relatively large negative α-Q-value, hence, α Q-value seems to be a reliable parameter to understand the ICF dynamics at low energies. In order to explore the reaction modes on the basis of their entry state spin population, the spin distribution of residues populated via CF and/or ICF in 16 O+ 159 Tb system has been done using particle-γ coincidence technique. CF-α and ICF-α channels have been identified from backward (B) and forward (F) α-gated γ spectra, respectively. Reaction dependent decay patterns have been observed in different α emitting channels. The CF channels are found to be fed over a broad spin range, however, ICF-α channels was observed only for high-spin states. Further, the existence of incomplete fusion at low bombarding energies indicates the possibility to populate high spin states.

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Surface Wear Studies in Some Materials Using α-induced Reactions

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Measurement of Seawater Flow-Induced Erosion Rates for Iron Surfaces using Thin Layer Activation Technique

Measurement of Seawater Flow-Induced Erosion Rates for Iron Surfaces using Thin Layer Activation Technique

Dependence of ¹⁸F Production Yield and Radioactive Impurities on Proton Irradiation Dose

Effect of projectile on incomplete fusion reactions at low energies

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Surface Wear Studies in Some Materials Using α-induced Reactions

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Measurement of Seawater Flow-Induced Erosion Rates for Iron Surfaces using Thin Layer Activation Technique

Measurement of Seawater Flow-Induced Erosion Rates for Iron Surfaces using Thin Layer Activation Technique

Dependence of 18F Production Yield and Radioactive Impurities on Proton Irradiation Dose

Effect of projectile on incomplete fusion reactions at low energies

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Dependence of ¹⁸F Production Yield and Radioactive Impurities on Proton Irradiation Dose