Dependence of ¹⁸F Production Yield and Radioactive Impurities on Proton Irradiation Dose

Abstract

Radiation safety for patients during positron emission tomography (PET) procedures is affected by the amount of radioactive impurities generated during production of fluorine-18 (18F) radionuclide. In this investigation, the dependence of 18F production yield and radioactive impurities on proton irradiation dose is discussed. Enriched water (H2O18) target was bombarded perpendicularly by 11-MeV proton beams at various proton doses. Experimental results indicated that the 18F radioactivity yield and the amount of 56Co and Ag110m radioactive impurities depend strongly on the proton dose. In the proton dose range between 2 μAhr and 20 μAhr, the radioactive impurities increased with increasing proton dose. There was no significant difference in the radioactivity yield of both 56Co and Ag110m impurities at low proton dose between 2 and 10 μAhr. However a huge difference was recorded when the dose was increased above 10 μAhr. The experimental data can be used to predict the amount of impurities generated during 18F production at proton dose of higher than 20 μAhr.

A Novel Method for 57/Ni and 57/Co Production using Cyclotron-Generated Secondary Neutrons

“…The incident proton energy was measured using a stacked foil method similar to calibration curve method discussed elswhere [11][12][13]. In this experimental energy measurement, 8 copper (Cu) foils comprising of 1 foil measuring 40-µm thick and 7 Cu foils measuring 20-µm thick each, were pressed together and then bombarded with the incoming proton beams at a dose of 0.67 µAhr.…”

Calculated Radioactivity Yields of Gallium-67 using Matlab Codes

“…Latest experimental cross-sections for 68 Zn(p,2n) 67 Ga nuclear reaction has been published by Pupillo et al [17], which indicates the maximum excitation function around 20 MeV incident protons. The incoming ion beam can be generated using cyclotrons or accelerators which have also been applied for thin layer activation analysis [18] and adsorption studies [19][20] as well as 18 F radionuclide production [21][22].…”

Spectral Comparison of Neutron-Irradiated Natural and Enriched Ytterbium Targets for Lu-177 Production

“…Sm, 211 At, and 177 Lu have been conducted  Corresponding author. E-mail address: maiyesni@yahoo.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2019.930 theoretically and experimentally [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Apart from cyclotron-based radionuclide production, nuclear reactor-based radioisotope production has also been studied elsewhere, including for production of diagnostic and therapeutic radioisotope such as beta-emitting radioisotopes 131 I and 153 Sm [22,23].…”