Surface Treatments and Functional Coatings for Biocompatibility Improvement and Bacterial Adhesion Reduction in Dental Implantology

Abstract

Surface modification of dental implants is a key process in the production of these medical devices, and especially titanium implants used in the dental practice are commonly subjected to surface modification processes before their clinical use. A wide range of treatments, such as sand blasting, acid etching, plasma etching, plasma spray deposition, sputtering deposition and cathodic arc deposition, have been studied over the years in order to improve the performance of dental implants. Improving or accelerating the osseointegration process is usually the main goal of these surface processes, but the improvement of biocompatibility and the prevention of bacterial adhesion are also of considerable importance. In this review, we report on the research of the recent years in the field of surface treatments and coatings deposition for the improvement of dental implants performance, with a main focus on the osseointegration acceleration, the reduction of bacterial adhesion and the improvement of biocompatibility.

TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti Dental Implant. Part 2: EIS Characterization in Hank’s Solution

“…In fact, the machined items could be covered by several types of oxides or showing oxides with different thickness, due to the thermal stresses to which they are subjected during the processing. The water solution containing HCl and HNO 3 can remove this oxide layer allowing the formation of more stable and uniform coat [36]. The acronyms of samples were: (i) AS to specify the samples pickled and (ii) NT samples with nanotubes.…”

Cellular behaviour of bone marrow stromal cells on modified Ti-Nb surfaces

“…In vitro cell behaviour is one of the main biocompatibility cues that a biomaterial has to satisfy to be employed as bone replacements. In this context, osteogenesis is one of the major reasons why there is a potential tendency toward enhancing this feature in Ti alloys, improving their integration with bone tissues [1]. Among the metal materials, β-Ti alloys exhibit superior mechanical performance-biocompatibility balance due to their…”

Advanced surface treatment techniques counteract biofilm-associated infections on dental implants

“…Previous studies that have investigated the biological properties and biocompatibility of γ-TiAl have shown that it can serve as a good alternative to conventional implant materials [21]. Improved biocompatibility is known to be associated with increased bacterial growth, especially in dental implants commonly [22]. Many efforts have been made to increase biocompatibility while decreasing the growth of periodontal bacteria [23].…”