Surface structure analysis of Eu Zintl template on Ge(001)

Two-Dimensional Magnets beyond the Monolayer Limit

“…29 Next, substrates other than Si can be employed; as an example, Eu on Ge(001) yields a different set of reconstructions. 54 Then, Eu can be replaced by another magnetic metal. It would set up a playground for studies of 2D magnetism as a function of the 2D lattice symmetry, interatomic distances, and spin and orbital moments of magnetic ions.…”

“…First, one can change the face of the substrate; for instance, Eu readily forms superstructures on Si(111) . Next, substrates other than Si can be employed; as an example, Eu on Ge(001) yields a different set of reconstructions . Then, Eu can be replaced by another magnetic metal.…”

2D magnetic phases of Eu on Ge(110)

“…The situation is common for metal reconstructions. For instance, in the case of Eu reconstructions on rather simple Ge(001), real space models are proposed only for phases with small unit cells; 38 more complex phases such as 8 × 1 are identified only in k -space. Irrespective of the detailed structure, the metal coverage makes 0.11 ML and 0.37 ML in phases I and II, respectively.…”

“…Synthesis of regular surface phases requires precision provided by molecular beam epitaxy, a technique successfully employed to produce Eu reconstructions on silicon and germanium. [37][38][39] The surface of the Ge substrate is covered by natural oxide. The quality of surface phases depends crucially on the roughness of the Ge surface upon removal of the Ge oxide.…”

Interfacial bond engineering for direct integration of functional oxides with Si and Ge

“…Germanium has been chosen because it is more stable than Si against oxidation-oxidation (according to the green route in Fig. 1) of the metal templates readily formed on Ge(001) 50,51 is less likely to damage the substrate surface. Another important decision is to use the 1 Â 3 surface phase (Fig.…”