Surface Reactions in Selective Modification: The Prerequisite for Plastic Flotation

Jiang, Hongru; Zhang, Yingshuang; Wang, Hui

doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b07861

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(230 reference statements)

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“…Ding and co-workers argued that hydroxyl groups might be further oxidized as carboxyl groups in a typical organic contaminant, supporting the generation of carboxyl groups on plastic surfaces (ABS-7 and PS-3). Besides, convincing evidence can be provided for the hydrolysis of partial nitrile groups into amide and carboxyl groups (ABS-2, 3) . Based on polymer degradation, the carbonate groups in PC may easily suffer from the HO • attack, hydrolysis, and rearrangement (PC-1, 2, and 3). , Therefore, the exposed oxygenated groups provide a hydrophilic surface for non-PVC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Catalytic Peroxide Oxidation Inducing Surface Reactions Toward Flotation Extraction of Hazardous Poly(Vinyl Chloride) From Waste Plastics

Zhang,

Wang,

Yalikun

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Low separation efficiency is a stumbling block for the recycling of heterogeneous waste plastics, which initiates the invasion of hazardous plastic pollutants, such as microplastics. The froth flotation controlled by wettability regulation strategies has become a promising remediation scheme and separation technology for plastic mixtures. Herein, this research proposed a wettability regulation for waste plastics from advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that was heterogeneous Fenton reactions catalyzed by green tea extract-reducing iron nanoparticles (GTFe 0 NPs). In the heterogeneous catalysis system (GTFe 0 NPs/H 2 O 2 ), the GTFe 0 NP catalyst excited HO • production and the reactive HO • was a major species for plastic oxidation. Besides, surface reactions on plastics were illustrated to explain the hydrophilic pattern of acrylonitrile− butadiene−styrene (ABS), polystyrene (PS), and polycarbonate (PC). HO • radicals can attack olefinic double bonds, abstract alkane protons, and scissor carbonate groups, anchoring hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on polymer surfaces. The flotation process separated hydrophilic ABS, PS, and PC plastics from hydrophobic hazardous poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastics. The recovery and purity of PVC could reach 100 and 97.6%. The mild modification temperature, wide pH value, and low oxidant concentration determined its potential application in separating hazardous plastics. Simplifying the plastic composition benefits plastic recycling and prevents environmental risks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Catalytic Peroxide Oxidation Inducing Surface Reactions Toward Flotation Extraction of Hazardous Poly(Vinyl Chloride) From Waste Plastics

Zhang,

Wang,

Yalikun

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Magnetic separation can be regulated by electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bond formation, and complexation (Tang et al 2021 ). However, the presence of other pollutants negatively affects the selectivity and the removal efficiency of microplastics (Jiang et al 2020 ), while the size and shape of microplastics also affect the separation process (He et al 2021 ). Consequently, more extensive research work is required to improve magnetic removal efficacy.…”

Section: Potential Treatment Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic sources, formation, toxicity and remediation: a review

et al. 2023

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Microplastic pollution is becoming a major issue for human health due to the recent discovery of microplastics in most ecosystems. Here, we review the sources, formation, occurrence, toxicity and remediation methods of microplastics. We distinguish ocean-based and land-based sources of microplastics. Microplastics have been found in biological samples such as faeces, sputum, saliva, blood and placenta. Cancer, intestinal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, infectious and inflammatory diseases are induced or mediated by microplastics. Microplastic exposure during pregnancy and maternal period is also discussed. Remediation methods include coagulation, membrane bioreactors, sand filtration, adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, electrocoagulation and magnetic separation. Control strategies comprise reducing plastic usage, behavioural change, and using biodegradable plastics. Global plastic production has risen dramatically over the past 70 years to reach 359 million tonnes. China is the world's top producer, contributing 17.5% to global production, while Turkey generates the most plastic waste in the Mediterranean region, at 144 tonnes per day. Microplastics comprise 75% of marine waste, with land-based sources responsible for 80–90% of pollution, while ocean-based sources account for only 10–20%. Microplastics induce toxic effects on humans and animals, such as cytotoxicity, immune response, oxidative stress, barrier attributes, and genotoxicity, even at minimal dosages of 10 μg/mL. Ingestion of microplastics by marine animals results in alterations in gastrointestinal tract physiology, immune system depression, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, differential gene expression, and growth inhibition. Furthermore, bioaccumulation of microplastics in the tissues of aquatic organisms can have adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem, with potential transmission of microplastics to humans and birds. Changing individual behaviours and governmental actions, such as implementing bans, taxes, or pricing on plastic carrier bags, has significantly reduced plastic consumption to 8–85% in various countries worldwide. The microplastic minimisation approach follows an upside-down pyramid, starting with prevention, followed by reducing, reusing, recycling, recovering, and ending with disposal as the least preferable option.

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“…Among numerous methods for extracting microplastics from the environment, flotation method (Fig. 1) will play an important role in extracting microplastics in the environment (Jiang et al 2020). For instance, Grbic et al modified the surface of iron nanoparticles with silane to make the surface of iron nanoparticles hydrophobic.…”

Section: Sampling Of Microplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical methods for microplastics in the environment: a review

Huang

Wang

2022

Environ Chem Lett

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Microplastic pollution is a recently discovered threat to ecosystems requiring the development of new analytical methods. Here, we review classical and advanced methods for microplastic analysis. Methods include visual analysis, laser diffraction particle, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermal analysis, mass spectrometry, aptamer and in vitro selection, and flow cytometry.

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Surface Reactions in Selective Modification: The Prerequisite for Plastic Flotation

Cited by 42 publications

References 127 publications

Heterogeneous Catalytic Peroxide Oxidation Inducing Surface Reactions Toward Flotation Extraction of Hazardous Poly(Vinyl Chloride) From Waste Plastics

Heterogeneous Catalytic Peroxide Oxidation Inducing Surface Reactions Toward Flotation Extraction of Hazardous Poly(Vinyl Chloride) From Waste Plastics

Microplastic sources, formation, toxicity and remediation: a review

Analytical methods for microplastics in the environment: a review

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