Surface oxidation of Ni-cermet electrodes by CO2 and H2O and how to moderate it

Advancements and prospects of perovskite-based fuel electrodes in solid oxide cells for CO2 electrolysis to CO

“…Over prolonged operation, the oxidation, aggregation, and carbon deposition of nickel emerge as primary causes for the signicant decline in the performance of nickel-based cathodes. 7,8 Perovskite-type mixed ionic and electronic conductors are considered promising substitutes for nickel-based cathodes because of their good anti-coking ability and excellent stability, but they usually show limited CO 2 RR activity. Hence, numerous studies are focused on enhancing the CO 2 electrocatalytic activity and stability of perovskite via doping, inltration, in situ exsolution, and high-entropy modication strategies.…”

Preparation of SOFC Anodes at Lower Temperature with Boosted Electrochemical Performance

“…4,5 The catalytic activity of the anode material is vital to the overall performance of a single cell. Given that the commercial Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni/ YSZ) anode is reported to suffer from irreversible deactivation due to Ni coarsening and redox instability, 6,7 perovskite oxides with in situ exsolved metal nanoparticles (NPs) are recognized as potential SOFC anode materials owing to the structural stability and stronger metal−oxide interface, where the exsolved NPs are socketed into the parent perovskites. 8−11 Numerous perovskite oxides, such as (La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O 3−δ (LSCM), (La,Sr)(Ti)O 3−δ (LST), Sr(Ti,Fe)O 3−δ (STF), and Sr 2 Fe 1.5 Mo 0.5 O 6−δ (SFM), 12−17 have been developed to improve the catalytic activity and operating stability.…”

“…With the increase of global energy consumption as well as environmental concerns, developing green and highly efficient devices for energy conversion is a current research hotspot. − Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can directly release chemical energy stored in fuels into electricity; thus, the conversion efficiency is not limited by the Carnot cycle and can reach up to 70% (45–60% for common fuels such as natural gas with 90% of heat recovery). , The catalytic activity of the anode material is vital to the overall performance of a single cell. Given that the commercial Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni/YSZ) anode is reported to suffer from irreversible deactivation due to Ni coarsening and redox instability, , perovskite oxides with in situ exsolved metal nanoparticles (NPs) are recognized as potential SOFC anode materials owing to the structural stability and stronger metal–oxide interface, where the exsolved NPs are socketed into the parent perovskites. − …”