Surface Modification of Graphene Oxides by Plasma Techniques and Their Application for Environmental Pollution Cleanup

Abstract

Graphene oxides (GOs) have come under intense multidisciplinary study because of their unique physicochemical properties and possible applications. The large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups on GOs leads to a high sorption capacity for the removal of various kinds of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions in environmental pollution cleanup. However, the lack of selectivity results in difficulty in the selective removal of target pollutants from aqueous solutions in the presence of other coexisting pollutants. Herein, the surface grafting of GOs with special oxygen-containing functional groups using low-temperature plasma techniques and the application of the surface-modified GOs for the efficient removal of organic and inorganic pollutants in environmental pollution are reviewed. This paper gives an account of our research on the application of GO-based nanomaterials in environmental pollution cleanup, including: (1) the synthesis and surface grafting of functional groups on GOs, summarizing various types of low-temperature plasma techniques for the synthesis of graphene/GOs; and (2) the application of graphene/GOs and their composites for the efficient removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions, including the interaction mechanism according to recently published results.

Kinetics and thermodynamics of Eu(III) and U(VI) adsorption onto palygorskite

“…It is determined that the dehydration of Eu(III) and U(VI) from aqueous complex ion was an endothermic process, but attachment of ions to the surface of endothermic was an exothermic processes [19]. It is plausible to assume that the energy of dehydration exceeded the exothermicity of the Eu(III) and U(VI) attached to the surface of palygorskite [56][57][58].…”

Oxygen Electroreduction on Pt Nanoparticles Deposited on Reduced Graphene Oxide and N‐doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Prepared by Plasma‐assisted Synthesis in Aqueous Solution

“…In harsh PEMFC conditions, Pt particles dissolve, migrate, and grow in size, resulting in the loss of electroactive catalyst surface area. [20] Such surface functionalities favor good dispersion of catalyst nanoparticles on rGO carrier increasing the electrochemically active surface area. [13][14][15] To overcome these challenges, great effort has been made in order to combine PtNPs with graphene and its derivatives for enhancing their electrocatalytic performance.…”

“…[7][8][9][10][11][12] Furthermore, Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) enhance the corrosion of carbon support shortening the lifetime of fuel cell cathodes. [16][17][18][19][20][21] Moreover, rGO based 2-D platform is used to stabilize supported metal NPs. [16][17][18][19] GO has hydroxyl, epoxy and carboxyl groups at the edges and on the basal plane, which make the GO materials hydrophilic and dispersible in aqueous solutions.…”

Application of graphene oxides and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials in radionuclide removal from aqueous solutions

“…In recent years, graphene oxides (GOs) and GO-based nanomaterials have attracted multidisciplinary interests because of their unique physicochemical properties such as high surface area, high chemical stability, large pore volume structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. These special properties make GOs suitable for efficient elimination of inorganic and organic chemical pollutants from solutions.…”