Surface microstructure of titanium irradiated by Nd: YAG pulsed laser in presence of carbon and nitrogen

Laser surface modification of titanium alloys

“…This technique has received widespread attention for many years, initially through the use of continuous wave (CW)CO 2 lasers (Katayama et al, 1983(Katayama et al, , 1984, but also using Nd-YAG pulsed lasers (Ettaqi et al, 1998, Santos et al, 2006. Bianco et al (1995) investigated laser processing with CO 2 gas to form TiC precipitates, while the effect of TiC x N y by laser processing with a combination of carbon and nitrogen was addressed by Covelli (1996), and using gas mixtures of CO and N by Grenier (1997). However, the reader should be aware that a review of 'laser nitriding of metals' by Schaaf (2002) does not consider titanium alloys.…”

Surface engineering of Ti–6Al–4V by nitriding and powder alloying using CW CO2 laser

“…, and Ti-TiB 42 have also been studied, as have complex powders which include BN-NiCrCoAlY 43 , NiCrBSiC 44,45 , NiCrBSi-TiC 38 ,NiCrBSiC-TiC 37,39,45 , Ti 5 Si 3 +NiTi 2 46 and Zr 65 Al 7.5 Ni 10 Cu 17.5 47 .Laser alloying with graphite 48 , graphite and silicon mixed powders 49 , graphite, boron and RE oxides 50 , and nitrogen and carbon separately 51 , has been undertaken. The combination of powders with gaseous atmospheres has also been studied; in particular mixtures of nitrogen with SiC 24,28,29,52,53 ,TiN 14 , ZrC 14 and with…”

Structure and hardness of titanium surfaces carburized by pulsed laser melting with graphite addition

“…6) in the melted zones resulting from the irradiation treatments (R2B1F1P2) and (R2B1F2P2). The lack of preferential direction for the primary arms of the cellular dendrites within the observed melted zones was probably due to the strong convection flows induced by the pulsed irradiation in the melting bath [19][20][21]. The secondary arms of such dendrites were short, whereas their tertiary arms were non-existent.…”