Surface Functionalized Superparamagnetic Zn‐Mg Ferrite Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia Application Towards Noninvasive Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Surface‐functionalized superparamagnetic Zn‐Mg ferrite (Zn0.4Mg0.6Fe2O4) nanoparticles are prepared by sol‐gel self‐combustion route. The surface‐modified Zn‐Mg Ferrite nanoparticles are characterized by standard techniques. XRD pattern of the prepared sample ensures the nanocrystalline single phasic cubic spinel structure. FT‐IR spectra reveals the presence of vibrational frequency‐modes belonging to spinel structure and successful coating of oleic acid (OA) over Zn‐Mg Ferrite. The nano‐size spherical grains with some agglomeration and OA coating over Zn‐Mg Ferrite are visualized in FE‐SEM images. The hydrophilic surface of Zn‐Mg Ferrite is confirmed by water contact‐angle measurements. The BET surface‐area is evaluated by recording N2‐isotherms. The M‐H plots confirm the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared sample. The colloidal stability and distribution of particle sizes are estimated by Zeta potential and DLS measurements. Magnetic hyperthermia studies are carried out for different concentrations (2, 4, and 6 mg mL–1) of the prepared sample. The biocompatible nature for the prepared sample is studied by cell‐viability studies. All these results ensure the implementation of OA‐coated Zn‐Mg Ferrite nanoparticles with minimum dose rate (6 mg mL–1) in magnetic hyperthermia therapies for noninvasive cancer treatment.

Alkaline steaming-assisted conversion: a new strategy for the synthesis of pure NiFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles

“…During this process, Fe 3+ first hydrolyses to form iron hydroxide, Fe(OH) 3 by reaction (1). The solubility product constant of Fe(OH) 3 , K sp = 1.1 Â 10 À36 , predicts a reaction at pH 4 3.02 if the concentration of FeCl 3 is 1 mol L À1 .…”

“…Magnetic nanoparticles, such as nano-ferrites, have been studied in the past few decades due to their potential applications in various research areas including biomedicine, [1][2][3][4] gas sensing, 5 catalysis, 6 heat transfer, 7 electronic devices and microwave absorbance. [8][9][10][11] Among these magnetic materials spinel ferrites, such as NiFe 2 O 4 , have excellent properties like low eddy-current loss, a narrow band gap, high electrical resistance and high permeability at high frequencies.…”

Structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) spinel ferrites: A density functional theory study

“…The extraordinary magnetic characteristics of NiFe 2 O 4 ferrite are controlled by antiparallel spins magnetic moments developing between Fe 3+ ions occupying tetrahedral sites and Ni 2+ and Fe 3+ occupying octahedral sites [14,15]. Due to their excellent magnetic properties, NiFe 2 O 4 ferrite is used in Ferro-fluids [16,17], high-density information storage, magnetocaloric, and magnetic-guided drug delivery [18][19][20][21]. Moreover, NiFe 2 O 4 ferrite is y promising electrode for lithium-ion batteries due to its higher thermal and chemical stability and high theoretical capacities [22].…”

Finite Element Analysis of Silver Nanorods, Spheres, Ellipsoids and Core–Shell Structures for Hyperthermia Treatment of Cancer

“…Protein denaturation occurs when cells are exposed to this temperature range, resulting in a high fraction of co-aggregated denatured proteins [ 15 ]. Furthermore, a high temperature influences the cellular structure function and alters intracellular processes, ultimately leading to cancer mortality [ 16 , 17 ], as illustrated in Figure 1 .…”