Surface Functionalization of Graphene

Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba; Farahbakhsh, Afshin

doi:10.1002/9781119131816.ch2

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…It should be noted that the widespread use of pristine graphene is limited mainly because it is hydrophobic [ 140 ]. The solution to this problem is the surface functionalization of graphene that is carried out by chemical modification [ 141 ]. Generally, chemical modification of graphene can be done in two ways: covalent, or non-covalent functionalization.…”

Section: Additive Manufacturing For Graphene-based Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Ink Writing Technology (3D Printing) of Graphene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites: A Review

et al. 2020

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In the present work, the state of the art of the most common additive manufacturing (AM) technologies used for the manufacturing of complex shape structures of graphene-based ceramic nanocomposites, ceramic and graphene-based parts is explained. A brief overview of the AM processes for ceramic, which are grouped by the type of feedstock used in each technology, is presented. The main technical factors that affect the quality of the final product were reviewed. The AM processes used for 3D printing of graphene-based materials are described in more detail; moreover, some studies in a wide range of applications related to these AM techniques are cited. Furthermore, different feedstock formulations and their corresponding rheological behavior were explained. Additionally, the most important works about the fabrication of composites using graphene-based ceramic pastes by Direct Ink Writing (DIW) are disclosed in detail and illustrated with representative examples. Various examples of the most relevant approaches for the manufacturing of graphene-based ceramic nanocomposites by DIW are provided.

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Section: Additive Manufacturing For Graphene-based Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Ink Writing Technology (3D Printing) of Graphene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites: A Review

et al. 2020

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“…There are a large number of unsaturated bond (c=c) in carbon nanotubes and graphene, which make them easily oxidized to produce a large number of hydrophillic groups on the surface. For example, the modification of carbon nanotubes [36] and graphene [37] through oxidation agents like nitric acid lead to a large number of carboxyl groups on the surface, which endow them with high water stability. Herein, several modified carbon black samples with high water stability were prepared by setting different temperature and added different volume of nitic acid.…”

Section: Hydrodynamic Size Analysis and Stability Of Modified Carbon mentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile fabrication of nanocomposites by modified carbon black loading with magnetite nanoparticles for fast removal of cadmium ions

Xiao

et al. 2020

Nano Ex.

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Magnetic nanomaterials have unique advantages in heavy metal ions absorption because of their large specific surface area and easy magnetic manipulation. Carbon nanotube or graphene loaded with magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) have been utilized to fabricate absorbents with both high absorption capacity and fast magnetic capture. Herein, cheap commercial carbon black was used as a substitute for expensive carbon nanotube or graphene to fabricate nanocomposites (CB-MNP) by modified carbon black loaded with superparamagnetic MNPs. The fabrication process is accomplished by two steps. Carbon blacks (CB) were modified by nitric acid to produce a large number of carboxyl groups on the surface and make stable aqueous dispersion. Subsequently, CB-MNPs with high water stability and fast magnetic response were facilely prepared by iron precursors (the ratio of ferrous to ferric is 1:2) added into the above CB dispersion and tuned pH=10, finally added polyacrylic acid solution under sonication. Modified CB and CB-MNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic laser scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis and so on. Water stability and magnetic response can be controlled by changing the proportion of CB and iron precursor. As a proof-of-concept, CB-MNPs were used for absorption removal of cadmium ions. Excellent performance was demonstrated with the removal efficiency of 71.41% and removal capacity of 39.99 mg·g −1 at the initial concentration of Cd 2+ as 5×10 −5 mol·l −1 . The effects of initial concentration of Cd 2+ , pH value and interfering anion ions were also investigated and the results indicate the potential application of CB-MNP in fast removal of heavy metal ions. IntroducationHeavy metal ions have strong toxicity to human beings and other organisms, some of which do harm to human health even in a very small concentration [1]. Effective removal of heave metal ions in waste water has attracted rising attention because these have caused serious environmental problems [2]. Many approaches such as chemical precipitation, adsorption, oxidation-reduction, evaporation, ionic exchange, electrochemical treatment, and membrane separation techniques have been developed for the removal of heavy metals from wastewaters [3][4][5][6].Adsorption technique is considered the most attractive technique because it is easy to operate and recycle [5]. The key to remove heavy metal ions from water by adsorption is the preparation and optimization of adsorption materials. Traditional adsorption materials such as clay, oxide, molecular sieve and activated carbon have been used to remove heavy metal ions [7-9]. However, many materials are limited in application due to their low adsorption efficiency, poor chemical stability and difficulty in recycling. Nano materials as adsorbents have unique advantages because their specific surface area increases rapidly with the decrease of particle size [10][11][12]. Several kinds of nano materials such as nano zero valent iron, iron oxide, titanium dioxide have b...

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“…It should be noted that the widespread use of pristine graphene is limited mainly because it is hydrophobic [199]. The solution to this problem is the surface functionalization of graphene that is carried out by chemical modification [200,201]. Generally, chemical modification of graphene can be done in two ways: covalent [202], or noncovalent functionalization [203].…”

Section: Graphene and Its Derivatives Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, chemical modification of graphene can be done in two ways: covalent [202], or noncovalent functionalization [203]. Functionalization via non-covalent interactions creates a weak interaction of a π-π, van der Waals or electrostatic type between graphene and the target matter [201], while the covalent modification use the covalent bonding of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of graphene, forming carboxylic acid groups at the edges and epoxy and hydroxyl groups at the basal plane [200]. Usually, researchers around the world use processes based on the Hummers method, which are known as the modified Hummers method [204], for the covalent modification.…”

Section: Graphene and Its Derivatives Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Ink Writing Technology (3D Printing) of Graphene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites: A Review

Pinargote

Smirnov

Peretyagin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In the present work, the state of the art of the most common additive manufacturing (AM) technologies used for the manufacturing of complex shape structures of graphene-based ceramic nanocomposites, ceramic and graphene-based parts is explained. A brief overview of the AM processes for ceramic, which are grouped by the type of feedstock used in each technology, is presented. The main technical factors that affect the quality of the final product were reviewed. The AM processes used for 3D printing of graphene-based materials are described in more detail; moreover, some studies in a wide range of applications related to these AM techniques are cited. Furthermore, different feedstock formulations and their corresponding rheological behaviour were explained. Additionally, the most important works about the fabrication of composites using graphene-based ceramic pastes by Direct Ink Writing (DIW) are disclosed in detail and illustrated with representative examples. Various examples of the most relevant approaches for the manufacturing of graphene-based ceramic nanocomposites by DIW are provided.

show abstract

Surface Functionalization of Graphene

Cited by 27 publications

References 161 publications

Direct Ink Writing Technology (3D Printing) of Graphene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites: A Review

Direct Ink Writing Technology (3D Printing) of Graphene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites: A Review

Facile fabrication of nanocomposites by modified carbon black loading with magnetite nanoparticles for fast removal of cadmium ions

Direct Ink Writing Technology (3D Printing) of Graphene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites: A Review

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